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Reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated its capability in solving various tasks but is notorious for its low sample efficiency. In this paper, we propose RLingua, a framework that can leverage the internal knowledge of large language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Liangliang Chen , Yutian Lei , Shiyu Jin , Ying Zhang , Liangjun Zhang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) demonstrate remarkable potential in robotic manipulation, yet challenges persist in executing complex fine manipulation tasks with high speed and precision. While excelling at high-level planning, existing VLM…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Qingxuan Jia , Guoqin Tang , Zeyuan Huang , Zixuan Hao , Ning Ji , Shihang , Yin , Gang Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have substantially improved the conversational capabilities of social robots. Nevertheless, for an intuitive and fluent human-robot interaction, robots should be able to ground the conversation by relating…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Elisabeth Menendez , Michael Gienger , Santiago Martínez , Carlos Balaguer , Anna Belardinelli

Instruction-following agents must ground language into their observation and action spaces. Learning to ground language is challenging, typically requiring domain-specific engineering or large quantities of human interaction data. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Theodore Sumers , Kenneth Marino , Arun Ahuja , Rob Fergus , Ishita Dasgupta

As retrieval-augmented generation prevails in large language models, embedding models are becoming increasingly crucial. Despite the growing number of general embedding models, prior work often overlooks the critical role of training data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Xinshuo Hu , Zifei Shan , Xinping Zhao , Zetian Sun , Zhenyu Liu , Dongfang Li , Shaolin Ye , Xinyuan Wei , Qian Chen , Baotian Hu , Haofen Wang , Jun Yu , Min Zhang

This paper explores leveraging large language models for map-free off-road navigation using generative AI, reducing the need for traditional data collection and annotation. We propose a method where a robot receives verbal instructions,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Faraz Lotfi , Farnoosh Faraji , Nikhil Kakodkar , Travis Manderson , David Meger , Gregory Dudek

People employ expressive behaviors to effectively communicate and coordinate their actions with others, such as nodding to acknowledge a person glancing at them or saying "excuse me" to pass people in a busy corridor. We would like robots…

In the field of Geriatronics, enabling effective and transparent communication between humans and robots is crucial for enhancing the acceptance and performance of assistive robots. Our early-stage research project investigates the…

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as a promising approach to address the data scarcity challenge in robotics, enabling the development of generalizable visuomotor control policies. While models like OpenVLA showcase the potential…

Natural language is perhaps the most flexible and intuitive way for humans to communicate tasks to a robot. Prior work in imitation learning typically requires each task be specified with a task id or goal image -- something that is often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Corey Lynch , Pierre Sermanet

Large Language Models (LLMs) pre-trained on internet-scale datasets have shown impressive capabilities in code understanding, synthesis, and general purpose question-and-answering. Key to their performance is the substantial prior knowledge…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Andrea Tagliabue , Kota Kondo , Tong Zhao , Mason Peterson , Claudius T. Tewari , Jonathan P. How

Model editing techniques are essential for efficiently updating knowledge in large language models (LLMs). However, the effectiveness of existing approaches degrades in massive editing scenarios, particularly when evaluated with practical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Yanbo Dai , Zhenlan Ji , Zongjie Li , Shuai Wang

Goal-conditioned and Multi-Task Reinforcement Learning (GCRL and MTRL) address numerous problems related to robot learning, including locomotion, navigation, and manipulation scenarios. Recent works focusing on language-defined robotic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Julien Perez , Denys Proux , Claude Roux , Michael Niemaz

Language-conditioned policies allow robots to interpret and execute human instructions. Learning such policies requires a substantial investment with regards to time and compute resources. Still, the resulting controllers are highly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Yifan Zhou , Shubham Sonawani , Mariano Phielipp , Simon Stepputtis , Heni Ben Amor

Prompt learning represents a promising method for adapting pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) to various downstream tasks by learning a set of text embeddings. One challenge inherent to these methods is the poor generalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Fangming Cui , Xun Yang , Chao Wu , Liang Xiao , Xinmei Tian

Language Models and Vision Language Models have recently demonstrated unprecedented capabilities in terms of understanding human intentions, reasoning, scene understanding, and planning-like behaviour, in text form, among many others. In…

Masked language modeling (MLM) plays a key role in pretraining large language models. But the MLM objective is often dominated by high-frequency words that are sub-optimal for learning factual knowledge. In this work, we propose an approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Nafis Sadeq , Byungkyu Kang , Prarit Lamba , Julian McAuley

Despite advances in Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, robotic manipulation struggles with fine-grained tasks because current models lack mechanisms for active visual attention allocation. Human gaze naturally encodes intent, planning,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Anupam Pani , Yanchao Yang

This study explores the concept of equivariance in vision-language foundation models (VLMs), focusing specifically on the multimodal similarity function that is not only the major training objective but also the core delivery to support…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Tan Wang , Kevin Lin , Linjie Li , Chung-Ching Lin , Zhengyuan Yang , Hanwang Zhang , Zicheng Liu , Lijuan Wang

Humans naturally employ linguistic instructions to convey knowledge, a process that proves significantly more complex for machines, especially within the context of multitask robotic manipulation environments. Natural language, moreover,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Boyuan Zheng , Jianlong Zhou , Fang Chen