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Threat detection systems rely on rule-based logic to identify adversarial behaviors, yet the conformance of these rules to high-level threat models is rarely verified formally. We present a formal verification framework that models both…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Dumitru-Bogdan Prelipcean , Cătălin Dima

Attack trees (ATs) are popular graphical models for reasoning about the security of complex systems, allowing for the quantification of risk through so-called AT metrics. A large variety of different such AT metrics have been proposed, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Benedikt Peterseim , Milan Lopuhaä-Zwakenberg

The ability to analyze network threats is very important in security research. Traditional approaches, involving sandboxing technology are limited to simulating a single host, missing local network attacks. This issue is addressed by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Francisc Moldovan , Ciprian Oprisa

Quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols aim at allowing two parties to generate a secret shared key. While many QKD protocols have been proven unconditionally secure in theory, practical security analyses of experimental QKD…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-04 Michel Boyer , Gilles Brassard , Nicolas Godbout , Rotem Liss , Stéphane Virally

Numerical security proofs offer a versatile approach for evaluating the secret-key generation rate of quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols. However, existing methods typically require perfect source characterization, which is…

Discerning between quantum and classical correlations is of great importance. Bell polytopes are well established as a fundamental tool. In this paper, we extend this line of inquiry by applying resource theory within the context of Network…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-13 Andrea D'Urbano , Michael de Oliveira , Luís Soares Barbosa

With the rapid development of quantum computing, classical cryptography systems are increasingly vulnerable to security threats, thereby highlighting the urgency of constructing architectures that are resilient to quantum computing attacks.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Xiaoming Chen , Haoze Chen , Fei Xu , Meifeng Gao , Jianguo Xie , Cheng Ye , An Hua , Shichang Jiang , Jiao Zhao , Minghan Li , Feilong Li , Yajun Miao , Wei Qi

We present a mathematical setting for attack-defense trees, a classic graphical model to specify attacks and countermeasures. We equip attack-defense trees with (trace) language semantics allowing to have an original dynamic interpretation…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Thomas Brihaye , Sophie Pinchinat , Alexandre Terefenko

Active cyber defenses based on temporal platform diversity have been proposed as way to make systems more resistant to attacks. These defenses change the properties of the platforms in order to make attacks more complicated. Unfortunately,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-02-03 Kevin M. Carter , Hamed Okhravi , James Riordan

Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) is a well-established method in failure analysis and is widely used in safety and reliability assessments. While FTA tools enable users to manage complex analyses effectively, they can sometimes obscure the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-09 Hamid Jahanian

Probabilistic model checking is a widely used formal verification technique to automatically verify qualitative and quantitative properties for probabilistic models. However, capturing such systems, writing corresponding properties, and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Kangfeng Ye , Fang Yan , Simos Gerasimou

Artificial Intelligence brings innovations into the society. However, bias and unethical exist in many algorithms that make the applications less trustworthy. Threats hunting algorithms based on machine learning have shown great advantage…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Shuangbao Paul Wang , Paul Mullin

We propose methods for density estimation and data synthesis using a novel form of unsupervised random forests. Inspired by generative adversarial networks, we implement a recursive procedure in which trees gradually learn structural…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-14 David S. Watson , Kristin Blesch , Jan Kapar , Marvin N. Wright

We present a passive approach to the security analysis of quantum key distribution (QKD) with an untrusted source. A complete proof of its unconditional security is also presented. This scheme has significant advantages in real-life…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Yi Zhao , Bing Qi , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Li Qian

Tree ensembles are one of the most widely used model classes. However, these models are susceptible to adversarial examples, i.e., slightly perturbed examples that elicit a misprediction. There has been significant research on designing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Lorenzo Cascioli , Laurens Devos , Ondřej Kuželka , Jesse Davis

In multiple domains such as malware detection, automated driving systems, or fraud detection, classification algorithms are susceptible to being attacked by malicious agents willing to perturb the value of instance covariates to pursue…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-10 Victor Gallego , Roi Naveiro , Alberto Redondo , David Rios Insua , Fabrizio Ruggeri

Nowadays, almost all electronic devices include a communication interface that allows to interact with them, exchange data, or operate their services remotely. The trend toward increased interconnectivity simultaneously increases the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Korbinian Christl , Thorsten Tarrach

Machine-learning models can be fooled by adversarial examples, i.e., carefully-crafted input perturbations that force models to output wrong predictions. While uncertainty quantification has been recently proposed to detect adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Emanuele Ledda , Daniele Angioni , Giorgio Piras , Giorgio Fumera , Battista Biggio , Fabio Roli

Remarkably, it has been shown that in principle, security proofs for quantum key-distribution (QKD) protocols can be independent of assumptions on the devices used and even of the fact that the adversary is limited by quantum theory. All…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-29 Benno Salwey , Stefan Wolf

Coherent-one-way (COW) quantum key distribution (QKD) is a significant communication protocol that has been implemented experimentally and deployed in practical products due to its simple equipment requirements. However, existing security…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-10 Ming-Yang Li , Xiao-Yu Cao , Yuan-Mei Xie , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen