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Related papers: PKU-SafeRLHF: Towards Multi-Level Safety Alignment…

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The success of AI assistants based on Language Models (LLMs) hinges on Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) to comprehend and align with user intentions. However, traditional alignment algorithms, such as PPO, are hampered by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Songyang Gao , Qiming Ge , Wei Shen , Shihan Dou , Junjie Ye , Xiao Wang , Rui Zheng , Yicheng Zou , Zhi Chen , Hang Yan , Qi Zhang , Dahua Lin

Existing open-source helpfulness preference datasets do not specify what makes some responses more helpful and others less so. Models trained on these datasets can incidentally learn to model dataset artifacts (e.g. preferring longer but…

Aligning large language models with human preferences must balance two competing goals: responding helpfully to legitimate requests and reliably refusing harmful ones. Most preference-based safety alignment methods collapse safety into a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Tiankai Yang , Yi Nian , Xinyuan Li , Ruiyao Xu , Kaize Ding , Yue Zhao

Preference-based feedback is important for many applications in machine learning where evaluation of a reward function is not feasible. Notable recent examples arise in preference alignment for large language models, including in…

The recent surge of versatile large language models (LLMs) largely depends on aligning increasingly capable foundation models with human intentions by preference learning, enhancing LLMs with excellent applicability and effectiveness in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Ruili Jiang , Kehai Chen , Xuefeng Bai , Zhixuan He , Juntao Li , Muyun Yang , Tiejun Zhao , Liqiang Nie , Min Zhang

Larger language models (LLMs) have taken the world by storm with their massive multi-tasking capabilities simply by optimizing over a next-word prediction objective. With the emergence of their properties and encoded knowledge, the risk of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Rishabh Bhardwaj , Soujanya Poria

Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) has emerged as an influential technique, enabling the alignment of large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. Despite the promising potential of RLHF, how to protect user…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Jiaming Zhang , Mingxi Lei , Meng Ding , Mengdi Li , Zihang Xiang , Difei Xu , Jinhui Xu , Di Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have traditionally been aligned through one-size-fits-all approaches that assume uniform human preferences, fundamentally overlooking the diversity in user values and needs. This paper introduces a comprehensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Jia-Nan Li , Jian Guan , Songhao Wu , Wei Wu , Rui Yan

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in multimodal understanding, reasoning, and interaction. Given the extensive applications of MLLMs, the associated safety issues have become increasingly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Yongqi Li , Lu Yang , Jian Wang , Runyang You , Wenjie Li , Liqiang Nie

The goal of aligning language models to human preferences requires data that reveal these preferences. Ideally, time and money can be spent carefully collecting and tailoring bespoke preference data to each downstream application. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Judy Hanwen Shen , Archit Sharma , Jun Qin

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit impressive capabilities but also present risks such as biased content generation and privacy issues. One of the current alignment techniques includes principle-driven integration, but it faces challenges…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Yi Luo , Zhenghao Lin , Yuhao Zhang , Jiashuo Sun , Chen Lin , Chengjin Xu , Xiangdong Su , Yelong Shen , Jian Guo , Yeyun Gong

RLHF has emerged as a predominant approach for aligning artificial intelligence systems with human preferences, demonstrating exceptional and measurable efficacy in instruction following tasks; however, it exhibits insufficient compliance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Ruopei Sun , Jianfeng Cai , Jinhua Zhu , Kangwen Zhao , Dongyun Xue , Wengang Zhou , Li Li , Houqiang Li

The widespread adoption and increasing prominence of large language models (LLMs) in global technologies necessitate a rigorous focus on ensuring their safety across a diverse range of linguistic and cultural contexts. The lack of a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Zhiyuan Ning , Tianle Gu , Jiaxin Song , Shixin Hong , Lingyu Li , Huacan Liu , Jie Li , Yixu Wang , Meng Lingyu , Yan Teng , Yingchun Wang

This paper presents a novel approach to aligning large language models (LLMs) with individual human preferences, sometimes referred to as Reinforcement Learning from \textit{Personalized} Human Feedback (RLPHF). Given stated preferences…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Jin Peng Zhou , Katie Z Luo , Jingwen Gu , Jason Yuan , Kilian Q. Weinberger , Wen Sun

Recent advances in Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), such as LLaVA-series models, are driven by massive machine-generated instruction-following data tuning. Such automatic instruction collection pipelines, however, inadvertently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Hongzhe Huang , Jiang Liu , Zhewen Yu , Li Cai , Dian Jiao , Wenqiao Zhang , Siliang Tang , Juncheng Li , Hao Jiang , Haoyuan Li , Yueting Zhuang

Evaluating aligned large language models' (LLMs) ability to recognize and reject unsafe user requests is crucial for safe, policy-compliant deployments. Existing evaluation efforts, however, face three limitations that we address with…

Code Community Question Answering (CCQA) seeks to tackle programming-related issues, thereby boosting productivity in both software engineering and academic research. Recent advancements in Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Hongyu Yang , Liyang He , Min Hou , Shuanghong Shen , Rui Li , Jiahui Hou , Jianhui Ma , Junda Zhao

With the rapid evolution of large language models (LLMs), new and hard-to-predict harmful capabilities are emerging. This requires developers to be able to identify risks through the evaluation of "dangerous capabilities" in order to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Yuxia Wang , Haonan Li , Xudong Han , Preslav Nakov , Timothy Baldwin

Model alignment with human preferences is an essential step in making Large Language Models (LLMs) helpful and consistent with human values. It typically consists of supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning from human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yi Dong , Zhilin Wang , Makesh Narsimhan Sreedhar , Xianchao Wu , Oleksii Kuchaiev

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into vehicle-based digital assistants, where unsafe, ambiguous, or legally incorrect responses can lead to serious safety, ethical, and regulatory consequences. Despite growing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Abhishek Kumar , Riya Tapwal , Carsten Maple