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Topos theory occupies a singular place in contemporary mathematics: born from Grothendieck's algebraic geometry, it has emerged as a unifying language for geometry, topology, algebra, and logic. This book offers a progressive introduction…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-01 Olivia Caramello , Laurent Lafforgue

The existing topological representation of an orthocomplemented lattice via the clopen orthoregular subsets of a Stone space depends upon Alexander's Subbase Theorem, which asserts that a topological space $X$ is compact if every subbasic…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-03-01 Joseph McDonald , Kentaro Yamamoto

We study notions of conjugate points along timelike geodesics in the synthetic setting of Lorentzian (pre-)length spaces, inspired by earlier work for metric spaces by Shankar--Sormani. After preliminary considerations on convergence of…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-01-16 James D. E. Grant , Michael Kunzinger , Argam Ohanyan , Yasmin Schinnerl , Roland Steinbauer

It is a well-known result in pointfree topology that every locally compact frame is spatial. Whether this result extends to MT-algebras (McKinsey-Tarski algebras) was an open problem. We resolve it in the negative by constructing a locally…

General Topology · Mathematics 2025-08-05 G. Bezhanishvili , S. D. Melzer , R. Raviprakash , A. L. Suarez

Premetrics and premetrisable spaces have been long studied and their topological interrelationships are well-understood. Consider the category ${\bf Pre}$ of premetric spaces and $\epsilon$-$\delta$ continuous functions as morphisms. The…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2016-11-03 J. Bruno , P. Szeptycki

We introduce an analogue of the theory of length spaces into the setting of Lorentzian geometry and causality theory. The r\^ole of the metric is taken over by the time separation function, in terms of which all basic notions are…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2019-11-07 Michael Kunzinger , Clemens Sämann

In this paper we study the property of separability of functional space with the open-point and bi-point-open topologies.

General Topology · Mathematics 2016-02-15 Alexander V. Osipov

The notions of a {\em 2-precontact space}\/ and a {\em 2-contact space}\/ are introduced. Using them, new representation theorems for precontact and contact algebras are proved. It is shown that there are bijective correspondences between…

General Topology · Mathematics 2015-11-24 Georgi Dimov , Dimiter Vakarelov

Ordered locally convex spaces is an important classes of spaces in the theory of ordered topological vector spaces just as locally convex spaces in the theory of topological vector spaces. Some special classes of ordered locally convex…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2019-05-15 Liang Hong

This paper offers suggested improvements to the causal sets program in discrete gravity, which treats spacetime geometry as an emergent manifestation of causal structure at the fundamental scale. This viewpoint, which I refer to as the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-12-30 Benjamin F. Dribus

The standard topological representation of a Boolean algebra via the clopen sets of a Stone space requires a nonconstructive choice principle, equivalent to the Boolean Prime Ideal Theorem. In this paper, we describe a choice-free…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-12-14 Nick Bezhanishvili , Wesley H. Holliday

We prove that a globally hyperbolic spacetime with its causality relation is a bicontinuous poset whose interval topology is the manifold topology. This provides an abstract mathematical setting in which one can study causality independent…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Keye Martin , Prakash Panangaden

In analogy with the classical theory of topological groups, for finitely complete categories enriched with Grothendieck topologies, we provide the concepts of localized G-topological space, initial Grothendieck topologies and continuous…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-27 Joaquin Luna-Torres

We show that all extended functorial field theories, both topological and nontopological, are local. We define the smooth (infinity,d)-category of bordisms with geometric data, such as Riemannian metrics or geometric string structures, and…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2023-09-19 Daniel Grady , Dmitri Pavlov

A new and extensive formalism is developed for monads and galaxies in non-standard enlargements. It is shown that monads and galaxies can be manipulated using order-preserving and order-reversing set-to-set maps, and that set properties…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-06-12 Niels Charlier , Hans Vernaeve

There are important indications that nature may be locally finite-dimensional, i.e., that any spatially bounded subsystem can be described by a finite-dimensional local observable algebra. Motivated by these ideas, we show that operational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-28 Matti Raasakka

We show that the random adjacency matrices induced by the chronological relations and i.i.d. samples of two spacetimes coincide in law if and only if the spacetimes in question are smoothly isometric. A similar result holds for weighted…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-03 Mathias Braun

We introduce the notion of a "graded topological space": a topological space endowed with a sheaf of abelian groups which we think of as a sheaf of gradings. Any object living on a graded topological space will be graded by this sheaf of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-07-20 Clemens Koppensteiner

In this work we demonstrate that linearized gravity exhibits gapless topological order with an extensive ground state degeneracy. This phenomenon is closely related both to the topological order of the pyrochlore U(1) spin liquid and to…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-08-30 Alex Rasmussen , Adam Jermyn

This expository paper explores the interaction of group ordering with topological questions, especially in dimensions 2 and 3. Among the topics considered are surfaces, braid groups, 3-manifolds and their structures such as foliations and…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2014-03-20 Dale Rolfsen