Related papers: Algebraic characterization of dendricity
We propose a reformulation of some results known on the free dendriform dialgebra on one generator from a parenthesis point of view. This turns out to be more tractable and point out a connection to free probability by identifying…
Polynomial reduction is one of the main tools in computational algebra with innumerable applications in many areas, both pure and applied. Since many years both the theory and an efficient design of the related algorithm have been solidly…
For any given algebra of local observables in Minkowski space an associated scaling algebra is constructed on which renormalization group (scaling) transformations act in a canonical manner. The method can be carried over to arbitrary…
We study the positive theory of groups acting on trees and show that under the presence of weak small cancellation elements, the positive theory of the group is trivial, i.e. coincides with the positive theory of a non-abelian free group.…
Spherical collapse predicts that a single value of the turnaround density (average matter density within the scale on which a structure detaches from the Hubble flow) characterizes all cosmic structures at the same redshift. It has been…
An element of a group is called \emph{reversible} if it is conjugate to its inverse. While reversibility in the quaternionic M\"{o}bius group $\mathrm{PSL}(2,\mathbb{H})$ has traditionally been studied using geometric and dynamical methods,…
In this paper, we derive a soft photon theorem and a soft gluon theorem in the de Sitter spacetime from the Ward identity of the near cosmological horizon large gauge transformation. Taking the flat limit of the de Sitter spacetime, the…
In this paper, we survey the rich theory of infinite episturmian words which generalize to any finite alphabet, in a rather resembling way, the well-known family of Sturmian words on two letters. After recalling definitions and basic…
A weak version of Birkhoff's generalization of the Perron-Frobenius theorem states that every endomorphism of a finite-dimensional real vector that leaves invariant a non-degenerate closed convex cone has an eigenvector in that cone. Here,…
Within the scheme of modified gravity, an exponential Lagrangian density will be considered, and the corresponding scalar-tensor description will be addressed for both positive and negative values of the cosmological constant. For negative…
A palindrome is a word that reads the same left-to-right as right-to-left. We show that every simple group has a finite generating set $X$, such that every element of it can be written as a palindrome in the letters of $X$. Moreover, every…
We review the most general scalar-tensor cosmological models with up to second-order derivatives in the field equations that have a fixed spatially flat de Sitter critical point independent of the material content or vacuum energy. This…
A dendriform algebra is an associative algebra whose product splits into two binary operations and the associativity splits into three new identities. These algebras arise naturally from some combinatorial objects and through Rota-Baxter…
The equations of motion describing all physical systems, except gravity, remain invariant if a constant is added to the Lagrangian. In the conventional approach, gravitational theories break this symmetry exhibited by all other physical…
We prove that the minimally displaced set of a relatively irreducible automorphism of a free splitting, situated in a deformation space, is uniformly locally finite. The minimally displaced set coincides with the train track points for an…
Let D be a division ring. We say that D is left algebraic over a (not necessarily central) subfield K of D if every x in D satisfies a polynomial equation x^n + a_{n-1}x^{n-1}+...+a_0=0 with a_0,...,a_{n-1} in K. We show that if D is a…
In this note we present a characterisation of all unary and binary patterns that do not only contain variables, but also reversals of their instances. These types of variables were studied recently in either more general or particular…
We argue that the natural framework for embedding the ideas of deformed, or doubly, special relativity (DSR) into a curved spacetime is a generalisation of Einstein-Cartan theory, considered by Stelle and West. Instead of interpreting the…
Two well known facts from elementary number theory are proven by using Bergman spaces.
We generalize several recognizability theorems for free single-sorted algebras to the field of many-sorted algebras and provide, in a uniform way and without using neither regular tree grammars nor tree automata, purely algebraic proofs of…