Related papers: Explaining muon excess in cosmic rays using the gl…
Recently an essential progress in development of physical models for cosmic ray induced ionization in the atmosphere is achieved. Basically, the models are full target, i.e. based on Monte Carlo simulation of an electromagnetic-muon-nucleon…
Extensive Air Showers are still the only source of information on primary cosmic rays and their interactions at energies above PeV. However, this information is hidden inside the multiplicative character of the cascading process. Inspite of…
Production of muons and neutrinos in cosmic ray interactions with the atmosphere has been investigated with a cascade simulation program based on Lund Monte Carlo programs. The resulting `conventional' muon and neutrino fluxes (from $\pi…
The production spectrum of high-energy muons as a function of depth in the atmosphere is relevant for understanding properties of event rates in deep detectors. For a given atmospheric profile, cascades of heavy nuclei develop at higher…
In this paper parametric formulas are presented to evaluate the flux of atmospheric muons in the range of vertical depth between 1.5 to 5 km of water equivalent (km w.e.) and up to 85^o for the zenith angle. We take into account their…
Ultra-high energy cosmic rays interacting with the radiation fields in the universe cause electromagnetic cascades resulting in a flux of extragalactic gamma rays, detectable to some 100 GeV. Recent precise measurements of the extragalactic…
We modify a mathematical model of photosynthesis to quantify the perturbations that high energy muons could make on aquatic primary productivity. Then we apply this in the context of the extragalactic shock model, according to which Earth…
An analysis has been made of the present situation with the high energy hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus interaction models. As is already known there are inconsistencies in the interpretation of experimental data on the primary mass…
A systematic analysis of data on strangeness and pion production in nucleon-nucleon and central nucleus-nucleus collisions is presented. It is shown that at all collision energies the pion/baryon and strangeness/pion ratios indicate…
A confirmation of the long-standing muon $g$-2 discrepancy requires both experimental and theoretical progress. On the theory side, the hadronic corrections are under close scrutiny, as they induce the leading uncertainty of the Standard…
Photon-hadronic interactions are important for the sources and the transport of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs). Current state-of-the-art cosmic ray transport simulations handle nuclear disintegration at energies of the Giant Dipole…
The recently observed data by AMS-02 clearly confirms that the positron flux rises with energy and shows a peak near a few hundred GeV. This rising positron flux cannot be explained by interactions of cosmic rays with interstellar hydrogen…
We review the methods and results obtained in an analysis of the experimental heavy ion collision research program at nuclear beam energy of 160-200A GeV. We study strange, and more generally, hadronic particle production experimental data.…
In this article a new method is proposed for estimating the mass composition of cosmic rays in individual events with energies above $1.25 \times 10^{19}$ eV. It is based on a joint analysis of experimental data and simulation results…
The production of strange particles (kaons, hyperons) and hypernuclei in light charged particle induced reactions in the energy range of a few GeV (2-15 GeV) has become a topic of active research in several facilities (e.g., HypHI and PANDA…
Cosmic rays interacting with the Earth's atmosphere generate extensive air showers, which produce Cherenkov, fluorescence and radio emissions. These emissions are key signatures for detection by ground-based, sub-orbital, and…
The hybrid design of the Pierre Auger Observatory allows for the measurement of a number of properties of extensive air showers initiated by ultra-high energy cosmic rays. By comparing these measurements to predictions from air shower…
In cosmic ray air showers, the muon lateral separation from the center of the shower is a measure of the transverse momentum that the muon parent acquired in the cosmic ray interaction. IceCube has observed cosmic ray interactions that…
Collisions of cosmic rays in the atmosphere may produce heavy hadrons of very high energy. The decay length of a $B$ meson of energy above $10^7$ GeV is larger than 1 km, implying that such a particle tends to interact in the air before it…
The hadronic interaction model BBL implements the ideas of gluon saturation due to large densities. When approaching the black body limit at high energies, leading partons acquire large transverse momenta which breaks up their coherence.…