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We propose X-WAM, a Unified 4D World Model that unifies real-time robotic action execution and high-fidelity 4D world synthesis (video + 3D reconstruction) in a single framework, addressing the critical limitations of prior unified world…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Jun Guo , Qiwei Li , Peiyan Li , Zilong Chen , Nan Sun , Yifei Su , Heyun Wang , Yuan Zhang , Xinghang Li , Huaping Liu

Automating experimental protocol design and execution remains as a fundamental bottleneck in realizing self-driving laboratories. We introduce PRISM (Protocol Refinement through Intelligent Simulation Modeling), a framework that automates…

Eye-in-hand cameras have shown promise in enabling greater sample efficiency and generalization in vision-based robotic manipulation. However, for robotic imitation, it is still expensive to have a human teleoperator collect large amounts…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Moo Jin Kim , Jiajun Wu , Chelsea Finn

Video generation models have advanced rapidly and are beginning to show a strong understanding of physical dynamics. In this paper, we investigate how far an advanced video generation model such as Veo-3 can support generalizable robotic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Zhongru Zhang , Chenghan Yang , Qingzhou Lu , Yanjiang Guo , Jianke Zhang , Yucheng Hu , Jianyu Chen

Robots hold great promise for performing repetitive or hazardous tasks, but achieving human-like dexterity, especially in contact-rich and dynamic environments, remains challenging. Rigid robots, which rely on position or velocity control,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Malek Aburub , Cristian C. Beltran-Hernandez , Tatsuya Kamijo , Masashi Hamaya

Teaching robots novel behaviors typically requires motion demonstrations via teleoperation or kinaesthetic teaching, that is, physically guiding the robot. While recent work has explored using human sketches to specify desired behaviors,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-26 William Barron , Xiaoxiang Dong , Matthew Johnson-Roberson , Weiming Zhi

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have gained popularity for learning robotic manipulation tasks that follow language instructions. State-of-the-art VLAs, such as OpenVLA and $\pi_{0}$, were trained on large-scale, manually labeled action…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Bahey Tharwat , Yara Nasser , Ali Abouzeid , Ian Reid

Reward design remains a critical bottleneck in visual reinforcement learning (RL) for robotic manipulation. In simulated environments, rewards are conventionally designed based on the distance to a target position. However, such precise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Nan Tang , Jing-Cheng Pang , Guanlin Li , Chao Qian , Yang Yu

Planning with world models offers a powerful paradigm for robotic control. Conventional approaches train a model to predict future frames conditioned on current frames and actions, which can then be used for planning. However, the objective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Jacob Berg , Chuning Zhu , Yanda Bao , Ishan Durugkar , Abhishek Gupta

Large real-world robot datasets hold great potential to train generalist robot models, but scaling real-world human data collection is time-consuming and resource-intensive. Simulation has great potential in supplementing large-scale data,…

We introduce DiffPhysCam, a differentiable camera simulator designed to support robotics and embodied AI applications by enabling gradient-based optimization in visual perception pipelines. Generating synthetic images that closely mimic…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Bo-Hsun Chen , Nevindu M. Batagoda , Dan Negrut

Intelligent agents need a physical understanding of the world to predict the impact of their actions in the future. While learning-based models of the environment dynamics have contributed to significant improvements in sample efficiency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Eric Heiden , David Millard , Hejia Zhang , Gaurav S. Sukhatme

Video generation models offer a promising imagination mechanism for robot manipulation by predicting long-horizon future observations, but effectively exploiting these imagined futures for action execution remains challenging. Existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yajie Li , Bozhou Zhang , Chun Gu , Zipei Ma , Jiahui Zhang , Jiankang Deng , Xiatian Zhu , Li Zhang

This paper presents the World-Action Model (WAM), an action-regularized world model that jointly reasons over future visual observations and the actions that drive state transitions. Unlike conventional world models trained solely via image…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Yuci Han , Alper Yilmaz

Building generalist robots capable of performing functional grasping in everyday, open-world environments remains a significant challenge due to the vast diversity of objects and tasks. Existing methods are either constrained to narrow…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Chao Tang , Jiacheng Xu , Haofei Lu , Bolin Zou , Wenlong Dong , Hong Zhang , Danica Kragic

Recent advancements in foundational models, such as large language models and world models, have greatly enhanced the capabilities of robotics, enabling robots to autonomously perform complex tasks. However, acquiring large-scale,…

Predicting the outcomes of robotic actions, often referred to as learning a world model, in complex environments remains a fundamental challenge in robotics. Existing approaches primarily rely on visual observations and action inputs to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Willow Mandil , Amir Ghalamzan-E

Mobile manipulators are increasingly deployed in human-centered environments to perform tasks. While completing such tasks, they should also be able to communicate their intent to the people around them using expressive robot behaviors.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Souren Pashangpour , Haitong Wang , Matthew Lisondra , Goldie Nejat

Predicting future scene representations is a crucial task for enabling robots to understand and interact with the environment. However, most existing methods rely on videos and simulations with precise action annotations, limiting their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Angel Villar-Corrales , Sven Behnke

Planning contact interactions is one of the core challenges of many robotic tasks. Optimizing contact locations while taking dynamics into account is computationally costly and, in environments that are only partially observable, executing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-04-20 Alina Kloss , Maria Bauza , Jiajun Wu , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Alberto Rodriguez , Jeannette Bohg