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Visual language models (VLMs) rapidly progressed with the recent success of large language models. There have been growing efforts on visual instruction tuning to extend the LLM with visual inputs, but lacks an in-depth study of the visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Ji Lin , Hongxu Yin , Wei Ping , Yao Lu , Pavlo Molchanov , Andrew Tao , Huizi Mao , Jan Kautz , Mohammad Shoeybi , Song Han

Fueled by their remarkable ability to tackle diverse tasks across multiple domains, large language models (LLMs) have grown at an unprecedented rate, with some recent models containing trillions of parameters. This growth is accompanied by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Athanasios Glentis , Jiaxiang Li , Qiulin Shang , Andi Han , Ioannis Tsaknakis , Quan Wei , Mingyi Hong

Pretraining NLP models with variants of Masked Language Model (MLM) objectives has recently led to a significant improvements on many tasks. This paper examines the benefits of pretrained models as a function of the number of training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Sinong Wang , Madian Khabsa , Hao Ma

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has created a significant disparity: industrial research labs with their computational resources, expert teams, and advanced infrastructures, can effectively fine-tune LLMs, while individual…

Language models (LMs) are pre-trained on raw text datasets to generate text sequences token-by-token. While this approach facilitates the learning of world knowledge and reasoning, it does not explicitly optimize for linguistic competence.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Atsuki Yamaguchi , Maggie Mi , Nikolaos Aletras

Large language models (LMs) have rapidly become a mainstay in Natural Language Processing. These models are known to acquire rich linguistic knowledge from training on large amounts of text. In this paper, we investigate if pre-training on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Avinash Madasu , Shashank Srivastava

In recent years, instruction-tuned Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have been successful at several tasks, including image captioning and visual question answering; yet leveraging these models remains an open question for robotics. Prior LMMs…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed the natural language processing landscape and brought to life diverse applications. Pretraining on vast web-scale data has laid the foundation for these models, yet the research community is now…

Language models (LMs) are pretrained to imitate internet text, including content that would violate human preferences if generated by an LM: falsehoods, offensive comments, personally identifiable information, low-quality or buggy code, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Tomasz Korbak , Kejian Shi , Angelica Chen , Rasika Bhalerao , Christopher L. Buckley , Jason Phang , Samuel R. Bowman , Ethan Perez

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have achieved remarkable success in NLP tasks. Despite the great success, mainstream solutions largely follow the pre-training then finetuning paradigm, which brings in both high deployment costs and low…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Xiang Li , Xin Jiang , Xuying Meng , Aixin Sun , Yequan Wang

Large language models (LLMs) achieve remarkable advancements by leveraging tools to interact with environments, a critical step toward generalized AI. However, the standard supervised fine-tuning (SFT) approach, which relies on large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Junjie Ye , Yilong Wu , Sixian Li , Yuming Yang , Zhiheng Xi , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang , Peng Wang , Zhongchao Shi , Jianping Fan , Zhengyin Du

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success, where instruction tuning is the critical step in aligning LLMs with user intentions. In this work, we investigate how the instruction tuning adjusts pre-trained models with a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Xuansheng Wu , Wenlin Yao , Jianshu Chen , Xiaoman Pan , Xiaoyang Wang , Ninghao Liu , Dong Yu

Large language models (LLMs) struggle to follow instructions with complex constraints in format, length, etc. Following the conventional instruction-tuning practice, previous works conduct post-training on complex instruction-response pairs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Yunjia Qi , Hao Peng , Xiaozhi Wang , Bin Xu , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Proprietary Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional capabilities in handling a diverse range of tasks. Recent studies demonstrate that open-sourced smaller foundational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yue Zhang , Leyang Cui , Deng Cai , Xinting Huang , Tao Fang , Wei Bi

Instruction tuning enhances large language models (LLMs) to follow human instructions across diverse tasks, relying on high-quality datasets to guide behavior. However, these datasets, whether manually curated or synthetically generated,…

This paper presents a study on strategies to enhance the translation capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in the context of machine translation (MT) tasks. The paper proposes a novel paradigm consisting of three stages: Secondary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jiaxin Guo , Hao Yang , Zongyao Li , Daimeng Wei , Hengchao Shang , Xiaoyu Chen

This paper introduces the innovative "LLMs-as-Instructors" framework, which leverages the advanced Large Language Models (LLMs) to autonomously enhance the training of smaller target models. Inspired by the theory of "Learning from Errors",…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Jiahao Ying , Mingbao Lin , Yixin Cao , Wei Tang , Bo Wang , Qianru Sun , Xuanjing Huang , Shuicheng Yan

Large language models are classically trained in stages: pretraining on raw text followed by post-training for instruction following and reasoning. However, this separation creates a fundamental limitation: many desirable behaviors such as…

Continual pre-training has increasingly become the predominant approach for adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to new domains. This process involves updating the pre-trained LLM with a corpus from a new domain, resulting in a shift in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Yiduo Guo , Jie Fu , Huishuai Zhang , Dongyan Zhao , Yikang Shen

To enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs) in biomedical natural language processing (BioNLP) by introducing a domain-specific instruction dataset and examining its impact when combined with multi-task learning principles.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Hieu Tran , Zhichao Yang , Zonghai Yao , Hong Yu