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In this PhD thesis, we explore and apply methods inspired by the free energy principle to two important areas in machine learning and neuroscience. The free energy principle is a general mathematical theory of the necessary…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Beren Millidge

This paper extends the framework of partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) to multi-agent settings by incorporating the notion of agent models into the state space. Agents maintain beliefs over physical states of the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-09-13 P. Doshi , P. J. Gmytrasiewicz

In this paper, we focus on a method based on optimal control to address the optimization problem. The objective is to find the optimal solution that minimizes the objective function. We transform the optimization problem into optimal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-12 Yeming Xu , Ziyuan Guo , Hongxia Wang , Huanshui Zhang

Self-organizing systems consume energy to generate internal order. The concept of thermodynamic efficiency, drawing from statistical physics and information theory, has previously been proposed to characterise a change in control parameter…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2025-12-12 Qianyang Chen , Nihat Ay , Mikhail Prokopenko

Consider a problem where a set of feasible observations are provided by an expert and a cost function is defined that characterizes which of the observations dominate the others and are hence, preferred. Our goal is to find a set of linear…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-09-14 Kimia Ghobadi , Houra Mahmoudzadeh

Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) provide a modeling framework for a variety of sequential decision making under uncertainty scenarios in artificial intelligence (AI). Since the states are not directly observable in a…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Mohamadreza Ahmadi , Nils Jansen , Bo Wu , Ufuk Topcu

We consider the problem of optimally utilizing $N$ resources, each in an unknown binary state. The state of each resource can be inferred from state-dependent noisy measurements. Depending on its state, utilizing a resource results in…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-05-18 Lorenzo Ferrari , Qing Zhao , Anna Scaglione

We present a framework for the efficient computation of optimal Bayesian decisions under intractable likelihoods, by learning a surrogate model for the expected utility (or its distribution) as a function of the action and data spaces. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-13 Justin Alsing , Thomas D. P. Edwards , Benjamin Wandelt

The boundary control problem is a non-convex optimization and control problem in many scientific domains, including fluid mechanics, structural engineering, and heat transfer optimization. The aim is to find the optimal values for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Zenin Easa Panthakkalakath , Juraj Kardoš , Olaf Schenk

In this paper, we consider the problem of optimizing the worst-case behavior of a partially observed system. All uncontrolled disturbances are modeled as finite-valued uncertain variables. Using the theory of cost distributions, we present…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-21 Aditya Dave , Nishanth Venkatesh , Andreas A. Malikopoulos

The partially observable constrained optimization problems (POCOPs) impede data-driven optimization techniques since an infeasible solution of POCOPs can provide little information about the objective as well as the constraints. We endeavor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Shengbo Wang , Ke Li

We analytically solve the finite-time control problem of driving an overdamped particle via an optical trap under costly measurement. By formulating this mesoscopic information engine within the Partially Observable Markov Decision Process…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-10 Emanuele Panizon

In this paper, we investigate how to achieve the unpredictability against malicious inferences for linear systems. The key idea is to add stochastic control inputs, named as unpredictable control, to make the outputs irregular. The future…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-21 Chendi Qu , Jianping He , Jialun Li , Xiaoming Duan

Living organisms exhibit remarkable adaptations across all scales, from molecules to ecosystems. We believe that many of these adaptations correspond to optimal solutions driven by evolution, training, and underlying physical and chemical…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-17 Julio R. Banga , Sebastian Sager

We consider Bayesian optimization of an expensive-to-evaluate black-box objective function, where we also have access to cheaper approximations of the objective. In general, such approximations arise in applications such as reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-16 Matthias Poloczek , Jialei Wang , Peter I. Frazier

This paper focuses on managing the cost of deliberation before action. In many problems, the overall quality of the solution reflects costs incurred and resources consumed in deliberation as well as the cost and benefit of execution, when…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-05 David Einav , Michael R. Fehling

Classic decision-theory is based on the maximum expected utility (MEU) principle, but crucially ignores the resource costs incurred when determining optimal decisions. Here we propose an axiomatic framework for bounded decision-making that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-07-09 Pedro A. Ortega , Daniel A. Braun

We consider partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) with a set of target states and positive integer costs associated with every transition. The traditional optimization objective (stochastic shortest path) asks to minimize…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-05-12 Tomáš Brázdil , Krishnendu Chatterjee , Martin Chmelík , Anchit Gupta , Petr Novotný

Inference and decision making under uncertainty are key processes in every autonomous system and numerous robotic problems. In recent years, the similarities between inference and decision making triggered much work, from developing unified…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Elad I. Farhi , Vadim Indelman

In the theory of Partially Observed Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs), existence of optimal policies have in general been established via converting the original partially observed stochastic control problem to a fully observed one on the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-01-11 Ali Devran Kara , Serdar Yuksel