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We present a new high-contrast imaging testbed designed to provide complete solutions in wavefront sensing, control and starlight suppression with complex aperture telescopes. The testbed was designed to enable a wide range of studies of…
Optical interference is not only a fundamental phenomenon that has enabled new theories of light to be derived but it has also been used in interferometry for the measurement of small displacements, refractive index changes and surface…
Optical Fabry-Perot cavities always show a non-degeneracy of two orthogonal polarisation states. This is due to the unavoidable birefringence of dielectric mirrors whose effects are extremely important in Fabry-Perot based high-accuracy…
The polarization properties of a magnetophotonic crystal at the frequencies located in the vicinity of ferromagnetic resonance are studied. The investigations are curried out taking into consideration the fact that the magnitude of material…
Ellipsometry is a technique whereby the measurement of the two orthogonal polarization components of light reflected at glancing incidence allows a characterization of the optical properties of a material at a particular frequency.…
A major goal of proposed future space observatories, such as the Habitable World Observatory, is to directly image and characterize Earth-like planets around Sun-like stars to search for habitability signatures requiring the starlight…
Active ring laser gyroscopes (RLG) operating on the principle of the optical Sagnac effect are preferred instruments for a range of applications, such as inertial guidance systems, seismology, and geodesy, that require both high bias…
High-order harmonic generation by the diffraction of an intense Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) laser beam through a small aperture is studied. It is found that the 2D peripheral electron dynamics on the rim can facilitate complex interplay between…
We present design techniques of special optical lattices that allow quantum simulation of spin frustration in two-dimensional systems. By carefully overlaying optical lattices with different periods and orientations, we are able to adjust…
Many advanced techniques have been developed, tested and implemented in the last decades in almost all circular accelerators across the world to measure the linear optics. However, the greater availability and accuracy of beam diagnostics…
Radio interferometers consisting of identical antennas arranged on a regular lattice permit fast Fourier transform beamforming, which reduces the correlation cost from $\mathcal{O}(n^2)$ in the number of antennas to $\mathcal{O}(n\log n)$.…
In the measurement of the amplitude of vibration of objects, holographic imaging techniques usually involve fringe counting; due to the limited resolution of images, measurements of large amplitudes are not accessible. We demonstrate a…
Quantum imaging employs the nonclassical correlation of photons to break through the noise limitation of classical imaging, realizing high sensitivity, high SNR imaging and multifunctional image processing. To enhance the flexibility and…
The knife-edge method is an established technique for profiling of even tightly focused light beams. However the straightforward implementation of this method fails if the materials and geometry of the knife-edges are not chosen carefully…
Lattice arrays have been shown to have great value as simulators for complicated mathematical problems. In all physical lattices so far, coupling is only between nearest neighbors or nearest plus next-nearest neighbors; the geometry of the…
The process of wide-field synthesis imaging is explored, with the aim of understanding the implications of variable, polarised primary beams for forthcoming Epoch of Reionisation experiments. These experiments seek to detect weak signatures…
We generalize the technique of fringe-rate filtering, whereby visibilities measured by a radio interferometer are re-weighted according to their temporal variation. As the Earth rotates, radio sources traverse through an interferometer's…
This work demonstrates that a middle size ring laser gyroscope (RLG) can be a very sensitive and robust instrument for rotational seismology, even if it operates in a quite noisy environment. The RLG has a square cavity, $1.60\times 1.60$…
Achieving precise and adjustable control over laser frequency is an essential requirement in numerous applications such as precision spectroscopy, quantum control, and sensing. In many such applications it is desired to stabilize a laser…
In this work are reviewed several aspects of gravitational lensing produced by astrophysical bodies that strongly curve the spacetime in their vicinity. When an object with a photon sphere (e.g. a black hole) is interposed between a source…