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Large Language Models (LLMs) have attracted extensive attention due to their remarkable performance across various tasks. However, the substantial computational and memory requirements of LLM inference pose challenges for deployment in…

With the wide adoption of language models for IR -- and specifically RAG systems -- the latency of the underlying LLM becomes a crucial bottleneck, since the long contexts of retrieved passages lead large prompts and therefore, compute…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Cornelius Kummer , Lena Jurkschat , Michael Färber , Sahar Vahdati

Large Language Models (LLMs) deliver strong performance but incur high inference cost in real-world services, especially under workloads with repeated or near-duplicate queries across users and sessions. In this work, we propose MemBoost, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Joris Köster , Zixuan Liu , Siavash Khajavi , Zizhan Zheng

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have revolutionized the landscape of AI, demonstrating impressive capabilities in tackling complex vision and audio-language tasks. However, a critical challenge remains: these models often suffer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Itai Allouche , Joseph Keshet

Human social interactions depend on the ability to infer others' unspoken intentions, emotions, and beliefs-a cognitive skill grounded in the psychological concept of Theory of Mind (ToM). While large language models (LLMs) excel in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Xuanming Zhang , Yuxuan Chen , Samuel Yeh , Sharon Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), but their lack of interpretability has been a major concern. Current methods for interpreting LLMs are post hoc, applied after…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Sean Xie , Soroush Vosoughi , Saeed Hassanpour

Continuing advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) in artificial intelligence offer important capacities in intuitively accessing and using medical knowledge in many contexts, including education and training as well as assessment and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Roma Shusterman , Allison C. Waters , Shannon O`Neill , Phan Luu , Don M. Tucker

Recent Large Language Models have been enhanced with vision capabilities, enabling them to comprehend images, videos, and interleaved vision-language content. However, the learning methods of these large multimodal models typically treat…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Joya Chen , Zhaoyang Lv , Shiwei Wu , Kevin Qinghong Lin , Chenan Song , Difei Gao , Jia-Wei Liu , Ziteng Gao , Dongxing Mao , Mike Zheng Shou

Large language models~(LLMs) are known for their high demand on computing resources and memory due to their substantial model size, which leads to inefficient inference on moderate GPU systems. Techniques like quantization or pruning can…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Wenxiang Lin , Xinglin Pan , Shaohuai Shi , Xuan Wang , Xiaowen Chu

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have made significant advancements in reasoning capabilities. However, they still face challenges such as high computational demands and privacy concerns. This paper…

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in various fields, the efficiency of training and inference remains a major challenge. To address this issue, we propose SUBLLM, short for Subsampling-Upsampling-Bypass…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Quandong Wang , Yuxuan Yuan , Xiaoyu Yang , Ruike Zhang , Kang Zhao , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Daniel Povey , Bin Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have enabled agentic AI systems for scientific discovery, but most approaches remain limited to textbased reasoning without automated experimental verification. We propose MIND, an LLM-driven framework for…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Geonhee Ahn , Donghyun Lee , Hayoung Doo , Jonggeol Na , Hyunsoo Cho , Sookyung Kim

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across various domains, but effectively incorporating complex and potentially noisy user timeline data into LLMs remains a challenge. Current approaches often involve translating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Lin Ning , Luyang Liu , Jiaxing Wu , Neo Wu , Devora Berlowitz , Sushant Prakash , Bradley Green , Shawn O'Banion , Jun Xie

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various fields, from natural language understanding to text generation. Compared to non-generative LLMs like BERT and DeBERTa, generative LLMs like GPT series and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Jinhao Li , Jiaming Xu , Shan Huang , Yonghua Chen , Wen Li , Jun Liu , Yaoxiu Lian , Jiayi Pan , Li Ding , Hao Zhou , Yu Wang , Guohao Dai

Transformer based Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely used in many fields, and the efficiency of LLM inference becomes hot topic in real applications. However, LLMs are usually complicatedly designed in model structure with…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Hui Wu , Yi Gan , Feng Yuan , Jing Ma , Wei Zhu , Yutao Xu , Hong Zhu , Yuhua Zhu , Xiaoli Liu , Jinghui Gu , Peng Zhao

Long-context inference for Large Language Models (LLMs) is heavily limited by high computational demands. While several existing methods optimize attention computation, they still process the full set of hidden states at each layer,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Lingkun Long , Rubing Yang , Yushi Huang , Desheng Hui , Ao Zhou , Jianlei Yang

Hybrid Language Models (HLMs) combine the low-latency efficiency of Small Language Models (SLMs) on edge devices with the high accuracy of Large Language Models (LLMs) on centralized servers. Unlike traditional end-to-end LLM inference,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Faranaksadat Solat , Joohyung Lee , Mohamed Seif , Dusit Niyato , H. Vincent Poor

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) have demonstrated immense potential in autonomous driving (AD) by offering human-like reasoning and open-world generalization. However, the excessive computational overhead and high…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ruoyu Yao , Ruiguo Zhong , Pei Liu , Mingxing Peng , Rui Yang , Jun Ma

This paper presents ServerlessLLM, a distributed system designed to support low-latency serverless inference for Large Language Models (LLMs). By harnessing the substantial near-GPU storage and memory capacities of inference servers,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Yao Fu , Leyang Xue , Yeqi Huang , Andrei-Octavian Brabete , Dmitrii Ustiugov , Yuvraj Patel , Luo Mai

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) and their multimodal variants have led to remarkable progress across various domains, demonstrating impressive capabilities and unprecedented potential. In the era of ubiquitous…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-14 Jiawei Shao , Xuelong Li