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Self-supervised learning (SSL) is a scalable way to learn general visual representations since it learns without labels. However, large-scale unlabeled datasets in the wild often have long-tailed label distributions, where we know little…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Hong Liu , Jeff Z. HaoChen , Adrien Gaidon , Tengyu Ma

The premise of semi-supervised learning (SSL) is that combining labeled and unlabeled data yields significantly more accurate models. Despite empirical successes, the theoretical understanding of SSL is still far from complete. In this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-06 Eyar Azar , Boaz Nadler

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) is a promising approach for training deep classification models using labeled and unlabeled datasets. However, existing SSL methods rely on a large unlabeled dataset, which may not always be available in many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Shin'ya Yamaguchi

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) is a widely used technique in scenarios where labeled data is scarce and unlabeled data is abundant. While SSL is popular for image and text classification, it is relatively underexplored for the task of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Gaurav Sahu , Olga Vechtomova , Issam H. Laradji

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) aims to help reduce the cost of the manual labelling process by leveraging a substantial pool of unlabelled data alongside a limited set of labelled data during the training phase. Since pixel-level manual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Wanli Ma , Oktay Karakus , Paul L. Rosin

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art results for semi-supervised node classification on graphs. Nevertheless, the challenge of how to effectively learn GNNs with very few labels is still under-explored. As one of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Yayong Li , Jie Yin , Ling Chen

The scarcity of labeled data is a critical obstacle to deep learning. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) provides a promising way to leverage unlabeled data by pseudo labels. However, when the size of labeled data is very small (say a few…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Yi Xu , Jiandong Ding , Lu Zhang , Shuigeng Zhou

Deep learning methodologies have been employed in several different fields, with an outstanding success in image recognition applications, such as material quality control, medical imaging, autonomous driving, etc. Deep learning models rely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Saul Calderon-Ramirez , Shengxiang Yang , David Elizondo

Domain adaptive semantic segmentation aims to learn a model with the supervision of source domain data, and produce satisfactory dense predictions on unlabeled target domain. One popular solution to this challenging task is self-training,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Ruihuang Li , Shuai Li , Chenhang He , Yabin Zhang , Xu Jia , Lei Zhang

The high capacity of deep learning models to learn complex patterns poses a significant challenge when confronted with label noise. The inability to differentiate clean and noisy labels ultimately results in poor generalization. We approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Eugene Kim

When there are unlabeled Out-Of-Distribution (OOD) data from other classes, Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) methods suffer from severe performance degradation and even get worse than merely training on labeled data. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Lu Han , Han-Jia Ye , De-Chuan Zhan

Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) is important for reducing the annotation cost for medical image segmentation models. State-of-the-art SSL methods such as Mean Teacher, FixMatch and Cross Pseudo Supervision (CPS) are mainly based on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Weiren Zhao , Lanfeng Zhong , Xin Liao , Wenjun Liao , Sichuan Zhang , Shaoting Zhang , Guotai Wang

Deep neural networks have proven to be highly effective when large amounts of data with clean labels are available. However, their performance degrades when training data contains noisy labels, leading to poor generalization on the test…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Fahimeh Fooladgar , Minh Nguyen Nhat To , Parvin Mousavi , Purang Abolmaesumi

Compared to supervised learning, semi-supervised learning reduces the dependence of deep learning on a large number of labeled samples. In this work, we use a small number of labeled samples and perform data augmentation on unlabeled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Qiuyu Zhu , Tiantian Li

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning framework that trains accurate global models while preserving clients' privacy-sensitive data. However, most FL approaches assume that clients possess labeled data, which is often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Seungjoo Lee , Thanh-Long V. Le , Jaemin Shin , Sung-Ju Lee

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for breast ultrasound (BUS) image segmentation, but it often suffers from unstable pseudo labels under extremely limited annotations, leading to inaccurate supervision and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Ruili Li , Jiayi Ding , Ruiyu Li , Yilun Jin , Shiwen Ge , Yuwen Zeng , Xiaoyong Zhang , Eichi Takaya , Jan Vrba , Noriyasu Homma

Deep neural networks demonstrated their ability to provide remarkable performances on a wide range of supervised learning tasks (e.g., image classification) when trained on extensive collections of labeled data (e.g., ImageNet). However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Yassine Ouali , Céline Hudelot , Myriam Tami

Pseudo-Labeling is a simple and effective approach to semi-supervised learning. It requires criteria that guide the selection of pseudo-labeled data. The latter have been shown to crucially affect pseudo-labeling's generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Julian Rodemann

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has proven to be effective at leveraging large-scale unlabeled data to mitigate the dependency on labeled data in order to learn better models for visual recognition and classification tasks. However, recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Hasib Zunair , Yan Gobeil , Samuel Mercier , A. Ben Hamza

The label-embedded dictionary learning (DL) algorithms generate influential dictionaries by introducing discriminative information. However, there exists a limitation: All the label-embedded DL methods rely on the labels due that this way…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Shuai Shao , Lei Xing , Wei Yu , Rui Xu , Yanjiang Wang , Baodi Liu