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In-context learning (ICL) is a new paradigm for natural language processing that utilizes Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT)-like models. This approach uses prompts that include in-context demonstrations to generate the corresponding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Momin Abbas , Yi Zhou , Parikshit Ram , Nathalie Baracaldo , Horst Samulowitz , Theodoros Salonidis , Tianyi Chen

Image-Text pretraining on web-scale image caption datasets has become the default recipe for open vocabulary classification and retrieval models thanks to the success of CLIP and its variants. Several works have also used CLIP features for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Muhammad Ferjad Naeem , Yongqin Xian , Xiaohua Zhai , Lukas Hoyer , Luc Van Gool , Federico Tombari

Contrastive learning has achieved remarkable success in representation learning via self-supervision in unsupervised settings. However, effectively adapting contrastive learning to supervised learning tasks remains as a challenge in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Qianben Chen , Richong Zhang , Yaowei Zheng , Yongyi Mao

In-context learning (ICL) adapts LLMs by providing demonstrations without fine-tuning the model parameters; however, it does not differentiate between demonstrations and quadratically increases the complexity of Transformer LLMs, exhausting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Giwon Hong , Emile van Krieken , Edoardo Ponti , Nikolay Malkin , Pasquale Minervini

Considering the challenges faced by large language models (LLMs) in logical reasoning and planning, prior efforts have sought to augment LLMs with access to external solvers. While progress has been made on simple reasoning problems,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yu Zhang , Hui-Ling Zhen , Zehua Pei , Yingzhao Lian , Lihao Yin , Mingxuan Yuan , Bei Yu

The emergence of in-context learning (ICL) enables large pre-trained language models (PLMs) to make predictions for unseen inputs without updating parameters. Despite its potential, ICL's effectiveness heavily relies on the quality,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Xiaoling Zhou , Wei Ye , Yidong Wang , Chaoya Jiang , Zhemg Lee , Rui Xie , Shikun Zhang

Learning with noisy labels can significantly hinder the generalization performance of deep neural networks (DNNs). Existing approaches address this issue through loss correction or example selection methods. However, these methods often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Chen-Chen Zong , Ye-Wen Wang , Ming-Kun Xie , Sheng-Jun Huang

Contrastive learning has gained significant attention in short text clustering, yet it has an inherent drawback of mistakenly identifying samples from the same category as negatives and then separating them in the feature space (false…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Zhihao Yao

Emotion-controllable response generation is an attractive and valuable task that aims to make open-domain conversations more empathetic and engaging. Existing methods mainly enhance the emotion expression by adding regularization terms to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Lei Shen , Yang Feng

Improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) typically relies either on the model's ability to sample a correct solution to be reinforced or on the existence of a stronger model able to solve the problem. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ethan Mendes , Jungsoo Park , Alan Ritter

Self-supervised contrastive learning (CL) has achieved state-of-the-art performance in representation learning by minimizing the distance between positive pairs while maximizing that of negative ones. Recently, it has been verified that the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Jin-Young Kim , Soonwoo Kwon , Hyojun Go , Yunsung Lee , Seungtaek Choi , Hyun-Gyoon Kim

Continual learning (CL) aims to constantly learn new knowledge over time while avoiding catastrophic forgetting on old tasks. In this work, we focus on continual text classification under the class-incremental setting. Recent CL studies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Yifan Song , Peiyi Wang , Dawei Zhu , Tianyu Liu , Zhifang Sui , Sujian Li

Learned clauses minimization (LCM) let to performance improvements of modern SAT solvers especially in solving hard SAT instances. Despite the success of LCM approaches in sequential solvers, they are not widely incorporated in parallel SAT…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-08-06 Marc Hartung , Florian Schintke

Over the years complexity theorists have proposed many structural parameters to explain the surprising efficiency of conflict-driven clause-learning (CDCL) SAT solvers on a wide variety of large industrial Boolean instances. While some of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-06-28 Edward Zulkoski , Ruben Martins , Christoph Wintersteiger , Robert Robere , Jia Liang , Krzysztof Czarnecki , Vijay Ganesh

Previous LLMs-based RL studies typically follow either supervised learning with high annotation costs, or unsupervised paradigms using voting or entropy-based rewards. However, their performance remains far from satisfactory due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Zhiyin Yu , Bo Zhang , Qibin Hou , Zhonghai Wu , Xiao Luo , Lei Bai

The Circuit Satisfiability (CSAT) problem, a variant of the Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) problem, plays a critical role in integrated circuit design and verification. However, existing SAT solvers, optimized for Conjunctive Normal Form…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Zhengyuan Shi , Tiebing Tang , Jiaying Zhu , Sadaf Khan , Hui-Ling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan , Zhufei Chu , Qiang Xu

This paper introduces an interactive continual learning paradigm where AI models dynamically learn new skills from real-time human feedback while retaining prior knowledge. This paradigm distinctively addresses two major limitations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Yutao Yang , Jie Zhou , Junsong Li , Qianjun Pan , Bihao Zhan , Qin Chen , Xipeng Qiu , Liang He

A state-of-the-art criterion to evaluate the importance of a given learned clause is called Literal Block Distance (LBD) score. It measures the number of distinct decision levels in a given learned clause. The lower the LBD score of a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-04-26 Md Solimul Chowdhury , Martin Müller , Jia-Huai You

Deep neuroevolution and deep reinforcement learning (deep RL) algorithms are two popular approaches to policy search. The former is widely applicable and rather stable, but suffers from low sample efficiency. By contrast, the latter is more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Aloïs Pourchot , Olivier Sigaud

Recent years have witnessed the success of dictionary learning (DL) based approaches in the domain of pattern classification. In this paper, we present an efficient structured dictionary learning (ESDL) method which takes both the diversity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Zi-Qi Li , Jun Sun , Xiao-Jun Wu , He-Feng Yin
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