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In this era of AI revolution, massive investments in large-scale data-driven AI systems demand high-performance computing, consuming tremendous energy and resources. This trend raises new challenges in optimizing sustainability without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Tokey Tahmid , Mark Gates , Piotr Luszczek , Catherine D. Schuman

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) emerged as a promising solution in the field of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), attracting the attention of researchers due to their ability to mimic the human brain and process complex information with…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Pavithra Koralalage , Ireoluwa Fakeye , Pedro Machado , Jason Smith , Isibor Kennedy Ihianle , Salisu Wada Yahaya , Andreas Oikonomou , Ahmad Lotfi

Transformer-based Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) introduce a novel event-driven self-attention paradigm that combines the high performance of Transformers with the energy efficiency of SNNs. However, the larger model size and increased…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Honglin Cao , Zijian Zhou , Wenjie Wei , Ammar Belatreche , Yu Liang , Dehao Zhang , Malu Zhang , Yang Yang , Haizhou Li

Emergence of deep neural networks (DNNs) has raised enormous attention towards artificial neural networks (ANNs) once again. They have become the state-of-the-art models and have won different machine learning challenges. Although these…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Shahriar Rezghi Shirsavar , Abdol-Hossein Vahabie , Mohammad-Reza A. Dehaqani

Unlike traditional artificial neural networks (ANNs), biological neuronal networks solve complex cognitive tasks with sparse neuronal activity, recurrent connections, and local learning rules. These mechanisms serve as design principles in…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Matteo Saponati , Chiara De Luca , Giacomo Indiveri , Benjamin Grewe

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have garnered interest due to their energy efficiency and superior effectiveness on neuromorphic chips compared with traditional artificial neural networks (ANNs). One of the mainstream approaches to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Zhipeng Huang , Jianhao Ding , Zhiyu Pan , Haoran Li , Ying Fang , Zhaofei Yu , Jian K. Liu

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) transmit information through discrete spikes, which performs well in processing spatial-temporal information. Due to the non-differentiable characteristic, there still exist difficulties in designing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Dongcheng Zhao , Yi Zeng , Yang Li

Achieving optimal semantic segmentation with frame-based vision sensors poses significant challenges for real-time systems like UAVs and self-driving cars, which require rapid and precise processing. Traditional frame-based methods often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-27 D. Hareb , J. Martinet , B. Miramond

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have garnered attention over recent years due to their increased energy efficiency and advantages in terms of operational complexity compared to traditional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Two important…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Daniel Windhager , Lothar Ratschbacher , Bernhard A. Moser , Michael Lunglmayr

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer an energy efficient alternative to conventional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) but typically still require a large number of parameters. This work introduces Linearized Bregman Iterations (LBI) as an…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-18 Daniel Windhager , Bernhard A. Moser , Michael Lunglmayr

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as an attractive spatio-temporal computing paradigm for complex vision tasks. However, most existing works yield models that require many time steps and do not leverage the inherent temporal…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Gourav Datta , Haoqin Deng , Robert Aviles , Peter A. Beerel

Although deep neural networks perform extremely well in controlled environments, they fail in real-world scenarios where data isn't available all at once, and the model must adapt to a new data distribution that may or may not follow the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Vaishnavi Nagabhushana , Kartikay Agrawal , Ayon Borthakur

Biologically-inspired Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), processing information using discrete-time events known as spikes rather than continuous values, have garnered significant attention due to their hardware-friendly and energy-efficient…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Bin Lei , Sheng Lin , Pei-Hung Lin , Chunhua Liao , Caiwen Ding

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are investigated as biologically inspired models of neural computation, distinguished by their computational capability and energy efficiency due to precise spiking times and sparse spikes with event-driven…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Mingqing Xiao , Yixin Zhu , Di He , Zhouchen Lin

This paper presents a novel approach for signal reconstruction using Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) based on the principles of Cognitive Informatics and Cognitive Computing. The proposed SNN leverages the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Lei Zhang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) provide an energy-efficient deep learning option due to their unique spike-based event-driven (i.e., spike-driven) paradigm. In this paper, we incorporate the spike-driven paradigm into Transformer by the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Man Yao , Jiakui Hu , Zhaokun Zhou , Li Yuan , Yonghong Tian , Bo Xu , Guoqi Li

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) promise orders-of-magnitude lower power consumption and low-latency inference on neuromorphic hardware for a wide range of robotic tasks. In this work, we present an energy-efficient implementation of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Sirine Arfa , Bernhard Vogginger , Christian Mayr

This study introduces BrainTransformers, an innovative Large Language Model (LLM) implemented using Spiking Neural Networks (SNN). Our key contributions include: (1) designing SNN-compatible Transformer components such as SNNMatmul,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Zhengzheng Tang , Eva Zhu

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are well suited for spatio-temporal learning and implementations on energy-efficient event-driven neuromorphic processors. However, existing SNN error backpropagation (BP) methods lack proper handling of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Wenrui Zhang , Peng Li

Neuromorphic computing has emerged as a promising energy-efficient alternative to traditional artificial intelligence, predominantly utilizing spiking neural networks (SNNs) implemented on neuromorphic hardware. Significant advancements…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-31 Yi Pan , Hanqi Jiang , Junhao Chen , Yiwei Li , Huaqin Zhao , Yifan Zhou , Peng Shu , Zihao Wu , Zhengliang Liu , Dajiang Zhu , Xiang Li , Yohannes Abate , Tianming Liu