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The classification of weather data involves categorizing meteorological phenomena into classes, thereby facilitating nuanced analyses and precise predictions for various sectors such as agriculture, aviation, and disaster management. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Elaheh Jafarigol , Theodore Trafalis

A new index for high-impact weather forecasting is introduced and assessed in comparison with the well-established extreme forecast index (EFI). Two other ensemble summary statistics are also included in this comparison study: the…

Applications · Statistics 2023-12-05 Zied Ben-Bouallegue

Data assimilation provides algorithms for widespread applications in various fields. It is of practical use to deal with a large amount of information in the complex system that is hard to estimate. Weather forecasting is one of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-23 Yihua Yang

Ensemble forecast post-processing is a necessary step in producing accurate probabilistic forecasts. Conventional post-processing methods operate by estimating the parameters of a parametric distribution, frequently on a per-location or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Peter Mlakar , Janko Merše , Jana Faganeli Pucer

In applications of climate information, coarse-resolution climate projections commonly need to be downscaled to a finer grid. One challenge of this requirement is the modeling of sub-grid variability and the spatial and temporal dependence…

Images from outdoor scenes may be taken under various weather conditions. It is well studied that weather impacts the performance of computer vision algorithms and needs to be handled properly. However, existing algorithms model weather…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Qi Bi , Shaodi You , Theo Gevers

To facilitate effective decision-making, precipitation datasets should include uncertainty estimates. Quantile regression with machine learning has been proposed for issuing such estimates. Distributional regression offers distinct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Georgia Papacharalampous , Hristos Tyralis , Nikolaos Doulamis , Anastasios Doulamis

Accurately representing surface weather at the sub-kilometer scale is crucial for optimal decision-making in a wide range of applications. This motivates the use of statistical techniques to provide accurate and calibrated probabilistic…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-11-15 Francesco Zanetta , Daniele Nerini , Matteo Buzzi , Henry Moss

Probabilistic time-series forecasting enables reliable decision making across many domains. Most forecasting problems have diverse sources of data containing multiple modalities and structures. Leveraging information as well as uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Harshavardhan Kamarthi , Lingkai Kong , Alexander Rodríguez , Chao Zhang , B. Aditya Prakash

The evolution of the weather can be described by deterministic numerical weather forecasting models. Multiple runs of these models with different initial conditions and/or model physics result in forecast ensembles which are used for…

Applications · Statistics 2015-07-21 Sándor Baran , András Horányi , Dóra Nemoda

Atmospheric models used for weather and climate prediction are traditionally formulated in a deterministic manner. In other words, given a particular state of the resolved scale variables, the most likely forcing from the sub-grid scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Hannah M. Christensen , Salah Kouhen , Greta Miller , Raghul Parthipan

This study aims to improve the spatial representation of uncertainties when regressing surface wind speeds from large-scale atmospheric predictors for sub-seasonal forecasting. Sub-seasonal forecasting often relies on large-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Ganglin Tian , Anastase Alexandre Charantonis , Camille Le Coz , Alexis Tantet , Riwal Plougonven

The increased usage of solar energy places additional importance on forecasts of solar radiation. Solar panel power production is primarily driven by the amount of solar radiation and it is therefore important to have accurate forecasts of…

Applications · Statistics 2019-09-04 Kilian Bakker , Kirien Whan , Wouter Knap , Maurice Schmeits

Seasonal forecast of Arctic sea ice concentration is key to mitigate the negative impact and assess potential opportunities posed by the rapid decline of sea ice coverage. Seasonal prediction systems based on climate models often show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Parsa Gooya , Reinel Sospedra-Alfonso

Recently all major weather prediction centres provide forecast ensembles of different weather quantities which are obtained from multiple runs of numerical weather prediction models with various initial conditions and model…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-07-20 Sándor Baran , Dóra Nemoda

Numerical weather forecasts can exhibit systematic errors due to simplifying model assumptions and computational approximations. Statistical postprocessing is a statistical approach to correcting such biases. A statistical postprocessing…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-02 Stefan Siegert , Ben Hooper , Joshua Lovegrove , Tyler Thomson , Birgir Hrafnkelsson

Weather forecasting is mostly based on the outputs of deterministic numerical weather forecasting models. Multiple runs of these models with different initial conditions result in forecast ensembles which is are used for estimating the…

Applications · Statistics 2015-07-21 Sándor Baran , András Horányi , Dóra Nemoda

One essential component of operational space weather forecasting is the prediction of solar flares. With a multitude of flare forecasting methods now available online it is still unclear which of these methods performs best, and none are…

Space Physics · Physics 2020-08-04 Jordan A. Guerra , Sophie A. Murray , D. Shaun Bloomfield , Peter T. Gallagher

Accurate and reliable forecasting of total cloud cover (TCC) is vital for many areas such as astronomy, energy demand and production, or agriculture. Most meteorological centres issue ensemble forecasts of TCC, however, these forecasts are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-05-03 Ágnes Baran , Sebastian Lerch , Mehrez El Ayari , Sándor Baran

Producing high-quality forecasts of key climate variables, such as temperature and precipitation, on subseasonal time scales has long been a gap in operational forecasting. This study explores an application of machine learning (ML) models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Elena Orlova , Haokun Liu , Raphael Rossellini , Benjamin A. Cash , Rebecca Willett