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Large language models (LLMs) have brought breakthroughs in tasks including translation, summarization, information retrieval, and language generation, gaining growing interest in the CHI community. Meanwhile, the literature shows…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Lu Wang , Max Song , Rezvaneh Rezapour , Bum Chul Kwon , Jina Huh-Yoo

Recent researches indicate that Pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) possess cognitive constructs similar to those observed in humans, prompting researchers to investigate the cognitive aspects of LLMs. This paper focuses on explicit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Yachao Zhao , Bo Wang , Dongming Zhao , Kun Huang , Yan Wang , Ruifang He , Yuexian Hou

Detecting stereotypes and biases in Large Language Models (LLMs) can enhance fairness and reduce adverse impacts on individuals or groups when these LLMs are applied. However, the majority of existing methods focus on measuring the model's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Yanhong Bai , Jiabao Zhao , Jinxin Shi , Tingjiang Wei , Xingjiao Wu , Liang He

Large Language Models (LLMs) possess the potential to exert substantial influence on public perceptions and interactions with information. This raises concerns about the societal impact that could arise if the ideologies within these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Kai Chen , Zihao He , Jun Yan , Taiwei Shi , Kristina Lerman

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly embedded in civic, educational, and political information environments, concerns about their potential political bias have grown. Prior research often evaluates such bias through simulated…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Tai-Quan Peng , Kaiqi Yang , Sanguk Lee , Hang Li , Yucheng Chu , Yuping Lin , Hui Liu

We explore the ability of large language models (LLMs) to engage in subtle deception through strategically phrasing and intentionally manipulating information. This harmful behavior can be hard to detect, unlike blatant lying or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Atharvan Dogra , Krishna Pillutla , Ameet Deshpande , Ananya B Sai , John Nay , Tanmay Rajpurohit , Ashwin Kalyan , Balaraman Ravindran

Despite recent advances, Large Language Models remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that bypass alignment safeguards and elicit harmful outputs. While prior research has proposed various attack strategies differing in human readability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Havva Alizadeh Noughabi , Julien Serbanescu , Fattane Zarrinkalam , Ali Dehghantanha

Confirmation bias, the tendency to seek evidence that supports rather than challenges one's belief, hinders one's reasoning ability. We examine whether large language models (LLMs) exhibit confirmation bias by adapting the rule-discovery…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Ayush Rajesh Jhaveri , Anthony GX-Chen , Ilia Sucholutsky , Eunsol Choi

Long-term memory mechanisms enable Large Language Models (LLMs) to maintain continuity and personalization across extended interaction lifecycles, but they also introduce new and underexplored risks related to fairness. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yiming Ma , Lixu Wang , Lionel Z. Wang , Hongkun Yang , Haoming Sun , Xin Xu , Jiaqi Wu , Bin Chen , Wei Dong

Large language models (LLMs) are widely applied across diverse domains, raising concerns about their limitations and potential risks. In this study, we investigate two types of bias that LLMs may display: stereotype bias and deviation bias.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Daniel Wang , Eli Brignac , Minjia Mao , Xiao Fang

Existing approaches to bias evaluation in large language models (LLMs) trade ecological validity for statistical control, relying either on artificial prompts that poorly reflect real-world use or on naturalistic tasks that lack scale and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Akram Elbouanani , Aboubacar Tuo , Adrian Popescu

Despite growing interest in using Large Language Models (LLMs) for educational assessment, it remains unclear how closely they align with human scoring. We present a systematic evaluation of instruction-tuned LLMs across three open…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Filip J. Kucia , Anirban Chakraborty , Anna Wróblewska

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been shown to demonstrate imbalanced biases against certain groups. However, the study of unprovoked targeted attacks by LLMs towards at-risk populations remains underexplored. Our paper presents three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Rijul Magu , Arka Dutta , Sean Kim , Ashiqur R. KhudaBukhsh , Munmun De Choudhury

Large Language Models (LLMs) have increasingly become pivotal in content generation with notable societal impact. These models hold the potential to generate content that could be deemed harmful.Efforts to mitigate this risk include…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Kexin Chen , Yi Liu , Dongxia Wang , Jiaying Chen , Wenhai Wang

We propose to measure political bias in LLMs by analyzing both the content and style of their generated content regarding political issues. Existing benchmarks and measures focus on gender and racial biases. However, political bias exists…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Yejin Bang , Delong Chen , Nayeon Lee , Pascale Fung

Drawing on constructs from psychology, prior work has identified a distinction between explicit and implicit bias in large language models (LLMs). While many LLMs undergo post-training alignment and safety procedures to avoid expressions of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Molly Apsel , Michael N. Jones

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a powerful approach for driving offensive penetration-testing tooling. Due to the opaque nature of LLMs, empirical methods are typically used to analyze their efficacy. The quality of this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Andreas Happe , Jürgen Cito

This paper calls on the research community not only to investigate how human biases are inherited by large language models (LLMs) but also to explore how these biases in LLMs can be leveraged to make society's "unwritten code" - such as…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Honglin Bao , Siyang Wu , Jiwoong Choi , Yingrong Mao , James A. Evans

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in everyday tools and applications, raising concerns about their potential influence on political views. While prior research has shown that LLMs often exhibit measurable political…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Daniil Gurgurov , Katharina Trinley , Ivan Vykopal , Josef van Genabith , Simon Ostermann , Roberto Zamparelli

Large language models (LLMs) are revolutionizing every aspect of society. They are increasingly used in problem-solving tasks to substitute human assessment and reasoning. LLMs are trained on what humans write and are thus exposed to human…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Fengfei Sun , Ningke Li , Kailong Wang , Lorenz Goette