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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, largely due to their generalisability and ability to perform tasks without additional training. However, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Kurt Micallef , Claudia Borg

Significant strides have been made in natural language tasks, largely attributed to the emergence of powerful large language models (LLMs). These models, pre-trained on extensive and diverse corpora, have become increasingly capable of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Ricardo Lopes , João Magalhães , David Semedo

Natural language processing (NLP) has been traditionally applied to medicine, and generative large language models (LLMs) have become prominent recently. However, the differences between them across different medical tasks remain…

Despite advancements in English-dominant generative large language models, further development is needed for low-resource languages to enhance global accessibility. The primary methods for representing these languages are monolingual and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Cagri Toraman

Objective To solve major clinical natural language processing (NLP) tasks using a unified text-to-text learning architecture based on a generative large language model (LLM) via prompt tuning. Methods We formulated 7 key clinical NLP tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Cheng Peng , Xi Yang , Aokun Chen , Zehao Yu , Kaleb E Smith , Anthony B Costa , Mona G Flores , Jiang Bian , Yonghui Wu

The increase in technological adoption worldwide comes with demands for novel tools to be used by the general population. Large Language Models (LLMs) provide a great opportunity in this respect, but their capabilities remain limited for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Stefan Krsteski , Matea Tashkovska , Borjan Sazdov , Hristijan Gjoreski , Branislav Gerazov

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, yet their evaluation, particularly in languages beyond the top $20$, remains inadequate due to existing benchmarks and metrics limitations. Employing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Rishav Hada , Varun Gumma , Adrian de Wynter , Harshita Diddee , Mohamed Ahmed , Monojit Choudhury , Kalika Bali , Sunayana Sitaram

Scaling language models with more data, compute and parameters has driven significant progress in natural language processing. For example, thanks to scaling, GPT-3 was able to achieve strong results on in-context learning tasks. However,…

Generative language modelling has surged in popularity with the emergence of services such as ChatGPT and Google Gemini. While these models have demonstrated transformative potential in productivity and communication, they overwhelmingly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Josh McGiff , Nikola S. Nikolov

Research on the cognitive plausibility of language models (LMs) has so far mostly concentrated on modelling psycholinguistic response variables such as reading times, gaze durations and N400/P600 EEG signals, while mostly leaving out the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Julius Steuer , Marius Mosbach , Dietrich Klakow

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a key element of modern artificial intelligence, demonstrating the ability to address a wide range of language processing tasks at unprecedented levels of accuracy without the need of collecting…

Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT and LLaMA are revolutionizing the AI industry with their sophisticated capabilities. Training these models requires vast GPU clusters and significant computing time, posing major challenges in terms of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Jiangfei Duan , Shuo Zhang , Zerui Wang , Lijuan Jiang , Wenwen Qu , Qinghao Hu , Guoteng Wang , Qizhen Weng , Hang Yan , Xingcheng Zhang , Xipeng Qiu , Dahua Lin , Yonggang Wen , Xin Jin , Tianwei Zhang , Peng Sun

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit probabilistic output characteristics, yet conventional evaluation frameworks rely on deterministic scalar metrics. This study introduces a Bayesian approach for LLM capability assessment that integrates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Xiao Xiao , Yu Su , Sijing Zhang , Zhang Chen , Yadong Chen , Tian Liu

Large language models are powerful but often limited by high computational cost, privacy concerns, and English-centric training. Recent progress demonstrates that small, efficient models with around one billion parameters can deliver strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Anna Aksenova , Boris Zverkov , Nicola Dainese , Alexander Nikitin , Pekka Marttinen

Transformer-based language models are now widely used in Natural Language Processing (NLP). This statement is especially true for English language, in which many pre-trained models utilizing transformer-based architecture have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Sławomir Dadas , Michał Perełkiewicz , Rafał Poświata

A prominent achievement of natural language processing (NLP) is its ability to understand and generate meaningful human language. This capability relies on complex feedforward transformer block architectures pre-trained on large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Ronit D. Gross , Yarden Tzach , Tal Halevi , Ella Koresh , Ido Kanter

Generative Large Language Models (LLMs) hold significant promise in healthcare, demonstrating capabilities such as passing medical licensing exams and providing clinical knowledge. However, their current use as information retrieval tools…

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit emerging in-context learning abilities through prompt engineering. The recent progress in large-scale generative models has further expanded their use in real-world language applications. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Linyi Yang , Shuibai Zhang , Zhuohao Yu , Guangsheng Bao , Yidong Wang , Jindong Wang , Ruochen Xu , Wei Ye , Xing Xie , Weizhu Chen , Yue Zhang

Generative large language models (LLMs) are a promising alternative to pre-trained language models for entity matching due to their high zero-shot performance and ability to generalize to unseen entities. Existing research on using LLMs for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Aaron Steiner , Ralph Peeters , Christian Bizer

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides towards Artificial General Intelligence. However, training these models from scratch requires substantial computational resources and vast amounts of text data. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Wenzhen Zheng , Wenbo Pan , Xu Xu , Libo Qin , Li Yue , Ming Zhou