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Generative Large Language Models (gLLMs), such as ChatGPT, are increasingly being used in communication research for content analysis. Studies show that gLLMs can outperform both crowd workers and trained coders, such as research…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Daria Kravets-Meinke , Hannah Schmid-Petri , Sonja Niemann , Ute Schmid

Synthesizing QA pairs with a question generator (QG) on the target domain has become a popular approach for domain adaptation of question answering (QA) models. Since synthetic questions are often noisy in practice, existing work adapts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Xiang Yue , Ziyu Yao , Huan Sun

While Multi-modal Language Models (MLMs) demonstrate impressive multimodal ability, they still struggle on providing factual and precise responses for tasks like visual question answering (VQA). In this paper, we address this challenge from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Shitian Zhao , Zhuowan Li , Yadong Lu , Alan Yuille , Yan Wang

Automatic question generation can benefit many applications ranging from dialogue systems to reading comprehension. While questions are often asked with respect to long documents, there are many challenges with modeling such long documents.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-24 Luu Anh Tuan , Darsh J Shah , Regina Barzilay

Empathetic dialogue is an indispensable part of building harmonious social relationships and contributes to the development of a helpful AI. Previous approaches are mainly based on fine small-scale language models. With the advent of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Yushan Qian , Wei-Nan Zhang , Ting Liu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances the question-answering (QA) abilities of large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge. However, adapting general-purpose RAG systems to specialized fields such as science and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Ran Xu , Hui Liu , Sreyashi Nag , Zhenwei Dai , Yaochen Xie , Xianfeng Tang , Chen Luo , Yang Li , Joyce C. Ho , Carl Yang , Qi He

Query-document relevance prediction is a critical problem in Information Retrieval systems. This problem has increasingly been tackled using (pretrained) transformer-based models which are finetuned using large collections of labeled data.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Aditi Chaudhary , Karthik Raman , Krishna Srinivasan , Kazuma Hashimoto , Mike Bendersky , Marc Najork

High-quality long-context data is essential for training large language models (LLMs) capable of processing extensive documents, yet existing synthesis approaches using relevance-based aggregation face challenges of computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Junlong Jia , Xing Wu , Chaochen Gao , Ziyang Chen , Zijia Lin , Zhongzhi Li , Weinong Wang , Haotian Xu , Donghui Jin , Debing Zhang , Binghui Guo

This work combines information about the dialogue history encoded by pre-trained model with a meaning representation of the current system utterance to realize contextual language generation in task-oriented dialogues. We utilize the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Ye Liu , Wolfgang Maier , Wolfgang Minker , Stefan Ultes

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive promise in code generation, yet their progress remains limited by the shortage of large-scale datasets that are both diverse and well-aligned with human reasoning. Most existing resources…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Amal Abed , Ivan Lukic , Jörg K. H. Franke , Frank Hutter

Previous studies have relied on existing question-answering benchmarks to evaluate the knowledge stored in large language models (LLMs). However, this approach has limitations regarding factual knowledge coverage, as it mostly focuses on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Linhao Luo , Thuy-Trang Vu , Dinh Phung , Gholamreza Haffari

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in various natural language processing tasks but face challenges in mathematical reasoning, where complex problem-solving requires both linguistic understanding and mathematical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Shuguang Chen , Guang Lin

Pre-trained language models (PLM) have marked a huge leap in neural dialogue modeling. While PLMs are pre-trained on large-scale text corpora, they are usually fine-tuned on scarce dialogue data with specific domain knowledge and dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Xiaodong Gu , Kang Min Yoo , Sang-Woo Lee

In recent years, pre-trained large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable efficiency in achieving an inference-time few-shot learning capability known as in-context learning. However, existing literature has highlighted the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Xinyi Wang , Wanrong Zhu , Michael Saxon , Mark Steyvers , William Yang Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have received significant attention by achieving remarkable performance across various tasks. However, their fixed context length poses challenges when processing long documents or maintaining extended…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Yucheng Li

Text-based Question Generation (QG) aims at generating natural and relevant questions that can be answered by a given answer in some context. Existing QG models suffer from a "semantic drift" problem, i.e., the semantics of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-16 Shiyue Zhang , Mohit Bansal

In modern commercial systems, including Recommendation, Ranking, and E-Commerce platforms, there is a trend towards improving customer experiences by incorporating Personalization context as input into Large Language Models (LLMs). However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Jiarui Zhang

Personalization in Information Retrieval (IR) is a topic studied by the research community since a long time. However, there is still a lack of datasets to conduct large-scale evaluations of personalized IR; this is mainly due to the fact…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Marco Braga , Pranav Kasela , Alessandro Raganato , Gabriella Pasi

Large language models are now used daily for writing, search, and analysis, and their natural language understanding continues to improve. However, they remain unreliable on exact numerical calculation and on producing outputs that are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Hendrika Maclean , Mert Can Cakmak , Muzakkiruddin Ahmed Mohammed , Shames Al Mandalawi , John Talburt

Large Language Models (LLMs) with extended context windows promise direct reasoning over long documents, reducing the need for chunking or retrieval. Constructing annotated resources for training and evaluation, however, remains costly.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Mohamed Elaraby , Jyoti Prakash Maheswari