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Semi-supervised learning approaches train on small sets of labeled data along with large sets of unlabeled data. Self-training is a semi-supervised teacher-student approach that often suffers from the problem of "confirmation bias" that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Aswathnarayan Radhakrishnan , Jim Davis , Zachary Rabin , Benjamin Lewis , Matthew Scherreik , Roman Ilin

Despite their recent success, deep neural networks continue to perform poorly when they encounter distribution shifts at test time. Many recently proposed approaches try to counter this by aligning the model to the new distribution prior to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Samarth Sinha , Peter Gehler , Francesco Locatello , Bernt Schiele

Domain shift is unavoidable in real-world applications of object detection. For example, in self-driving cars, the target domain consists of unconstrained road environments which cannot all possibly be observed in training data. Similarly,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Mehran Khodabandeh , Arash Vahdat , Mani Ranjbar , William G. Macready

Machine learning systems must adapt to data distributions that evolve over time, in applications ranging from sensor networks and self-driving car perception modules to brain-machine interfaces. We consider gradual domain adaptation, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-27 Ananya Kumar , Tengyu Ma , Percy Liang

The lack of clean speech is a practical challenge to the development of speech enhancement systems, which means that there is an inevitable mismatch between their training criterion and evaluation metric. In response to this unfavorable…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Li-Wei Chen , Yao-Fei Cheng , Hung-Shin Lee , Yu Tsao , Hsin-Min Wang

Despite the progress seen in classification methods, current approaches for handling videos with distribution shifts in source and target domains remain source-dependent as they require access to the source data during the adaptation stage.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Avijit Dasgupta , C. V. Jawahar , Karteek Alahari

We present an approach to domain adaptation, addressing the case where data from the source domain is abundant, labelled data from the target domain is limited or non-existent, and a small amount of paired source-target data is available.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-20 Lawrence G. Phillips , David B. Grimes , Yihan Jessie Li

The teacher-student (T/S) learning has been shown effective in unsupervised domain adaptation [1]. It is a form of transfer learning, not in terms of the transfer of recognition decisions, but the knowledge of posteriori probabilities in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-01 Zhong Meng , Jinyu Li , Yifan Gong , Biing-Hwang , Juang

Domain adaptation is crucial in many real-world applications where the distribution of the training data differs from the distribution of the test data. Previous Deep Learning-based approaches to domain adaptation need to be trained jointly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-02-08 Sebastian Ruder , Parsa Ghaffari , John G. Breslin

Pseudo-label based self training approaches are a popular method for source-free unsupervised domain adaptation. However, their efficacy depends on the quality of the labels generated by the source trained model. These labels may be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Deepti Hegde , Vishwanath Sindagi , Velat Kilic , A. Brinton Cooper , Mark Foster , Vishal Patel

Lack of large-scale note-level labeled data is the major obstacle to singing transcription from polyphonic music. We address the issue by using pseudo labels from vocal pitch estimation models given unlabeled data. The proposed method first…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-31 Sangeun Kum , Jongpil Lee , Keunhyoung Luke Kim , Taehyoung Kim , Juhan Nam

This paper addresses text recognition for domains with limited manual annotations by a simple self-training strategy. Our approach should reduce human annotation effort when target domain data is plentiful, such as when transcribing a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Martin Kišš , Karel Beneš , Michal Hradiš

Deep learning-based solutions for semantic segmentation suffer from significant performance degradation when tested on data with different characteristics than what was used during the training. Adapting the models using annotated data from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Xingchen Zhao , Niluthpol Chowdhury Mithun , Abhinav Rajvanshi , Han-Pang Chiu , Supun Samarasekera

Current state-of-the-art automatic speech recognition systems are trained to work in specific `domains', defined based on factors like application, sampling rate and codec. When such recognizers are used in conditions that do not match the…

Deep learning-based speech enhancement models achieve remarkable performance when test distributions match training conditions, but often degrade when deployed in unpredictable real-world environments with domain shifts. To address this…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-09 Tobias Raichle , Niels Edinger , Bin Yang

Speech data has rich acoustic and paralinguistic information with important cues for understanding a speaker's tone, emotion, and intent, yet traditional large language models such as BERT do not incorporate this information. There has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Fatema Hasan , Yulong Li , James Foulds , Shimei Pan , Bishwaranjan Bhattacharjee

Deep learning-based person Re-IDentification (ReID) often requires a large amount of training data to achieve good performance. Thus it appears that collecting more training data from diverse environments tends to improve the ReID…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-07 Lu Yang , Lingqiao Liu , Yunlong Wang , Peng Wang , Yanning Zhang

In this paper, we address the problem of effectively self-training neural networks in a low-resource setting. Self-training is frequently used to automatically increase the amount of training data. However, in a low-resource scenario, it is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-03 Debjit Paul , Mittul Singh , Michael A. Hedderich , Dietrich Klakow

In this work, we introduce back-training, an alternative to self-training for unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) from source to target domain. While self-training generates synthetic training data where natural inputs are aligned with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Devang Kulshreshtha , Robert Belfer , Iulian Vlad Serban , Siva Reddy

In this paper, we propose Test-Time Training, a general approach for improving the performance of predictive models when training and test data come from different distributions. We turn a single unlabeled test sample into a self-supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Yu Sun , Xiaolong Wang , Zhuang Liu , John Miller , Alexei A. Efros , Moritz Hardt