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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities as autonomous agents through tool use, planning, and decision-making abilities, leading to their widespread adoption across diverse tasks. As task complexity grows,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Ishan Kavathekar , Hemang Jain , Ameya Rathod , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru , Tanuja Ganu

The explosive growth of multimodal data has driven the rapid development of multimodal entity linking (MEL) models. However, existing studies have not systematically investigated the impact of visual adversarial attacks on MEL models. We…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Fang Wang , Yongjie Wang , Zonghao Yang , Minghao Hu , Xiaoying Bai

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in agentic systems, where their interactions with diverse tools and environments create complex, multi-stage safety challenges. However, existing benchmarks mostly rely on static,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Liming Lu , Xiang Gu , Junyu Huang , Jiawei Du , Xu Zheng , Yunhuai Liu , Yongbin Zhou , Shuchao Pang

The growing prevalence of artificial intelligence (AI) in various applications underscores the need for agents that can successfully navigate and adapt to an ever-changing, open-ended world. A key challenge is ensuring these AI agents are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Mikayel Samvelyan

Autonomous agents powered by language models (LMs) have demonstrated promise in their ability to perform decision-making tasks such as web automation. However, a key limitation remains: LMs, primarily optimized for natural language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jing Yu Koh , Stephen McAleer , Daniel Fried , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Language Model Agents (LMAs) are emerging as a powerful primitive for augmenting red-team operations. They can support attack planning, adversary emulation, and the orchestration of multi-step activity such as lateral movement, a core…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Mohammad Mamun , Mohamed Gaber , Scott Buffett , Sherif Saad

Autonomous computer use agents that powered by multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are emerging as capable assistants for completing complex digital workflows. However, real-world execution environments are far from ideal: pop-ups,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jingwei Sun , Jianing Zhu , Yuanyi Li , Tongliang Liu , Xia HU , Bo Han

Large Language Model (LLM) agents can leverage tools such as Google Search to complete complex tasks. However, this tool usage introduces the risk of indirect prompt injections, where malicious instructions hidden in tool outputs can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Zizhao Wang , Dingcheng Li , Vaishakh Keshava , Phillip Wallis , Ananth Balashankar , Peter Stone , Lukas Rutishauser

The rapid deployment of Large language model (LLM) agents in critical domains like healthcare and finance necessitates robust security frameworks. To address the absence of standardized evaluation benchmarks for these agents in dynamic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Yuchuan Fu , Xiaohan Yuan , Dongxia Wang

Large language models are increasingly deployed as specialized agents that plan, call tools, and take actions over extended horizons. Yet many existing evaluations assume a "clean interface" where dynamics are specified and stable, tools…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Pouya Pezeshkpour , Estevam Hruschka

Large vision-language model (LVLM)-based web agents are emerging as powerful tools for automating complex online tasks. However, when deployed in real-world environments, they face serious security risks, motivating the design of security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Zonghao Ying , Yangguang Shao , Jianle Gan , Gan Xu , Wenxin Zhang , Quanchen Zou , Junzheng Shi , Zhenfei Yin , Mingchuan Zhang , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

Large language model-based multi-agent systems have shown great abilities across various tasks due to the collaboration of expert agents, each focusing on a specific domain. However, the impact of clumsy or even malicious agents--those who…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jen-tse Huang , Jiaxu Zhou , Tailin Jin , Xuhui Zhou , Zixi Chen , Wenxuan Wang , Youliang Yuan , Michael R. Lyu , Maarten Sap

Since the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) has achieved remarkable success, understanding and rectifying their internal complex mechanisms has become an urgent issue. Recent research has attempted to interpret their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Yihao Zhang , Zeming Wei , Jun Sun , Meng Sun

Web agents enable users to perform tasks on web browsers through natural language interaction. Evaluating web agents trajectories is an important problem, since it helps us determine whether the agent successfully completed the tasks.…

AI agents powered by large language models (LLMs) are being deployed at scale, yet we lack a systematic understanding of how the choice of backbone LLM affects agent security. The non-deterministic sequential nature of AI agents complicates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Julia Bazinska , Max Mathys , Francesco Casucci , Mateo Rojas-Carulla , Xander Davies , Alexandra Souly , Niklas Pfister

Large language model (LLM) agents have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in software engineering and cybersecurity tasks, including code generation, vulnerability discovery, and automated testing. One critical but underexplored…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Bin Liu , Yanjie Zhao , Guoai Xu , Haoyu Wang

Training models to act as agents that can effectively navigate and perform actions in a complex environment, such as a web browser, has typically been challenging due to lack of training data. Large language models (LLMs) have recently…

Growing at a fast pace, modern autonomous systems will soon be deployed at scale, opening up the possibility for cooperative multi-agent systems. Sharing information and distributing workloads allow autonomous agents to better perform tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-13 James Tu , Tsunhsuan Wang , Jingkang Wang , Sivabalan Manivasagam , Mengye Ren , Raquel Urtasun

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable capabilities across diverse open-domain tasks, yet their application in specialized domains such as civil engineering remains largely unexplored. This paper starts bridging this gap by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jiachen Liu , Ziheng Geng , Ran Cao , Lu Cheng , Paolo Bocchini , Minghui Cheng

AI-enabled Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response (SOAR) systems increasingly employ autonomous agents for cyber defense, yet their resilience to adaptive adversaries is underexplored. We introduce an autonomous red teaming…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Ayan Javeed Shaikh , Nathaniel D. Bastian , Ankit Shah
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