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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive success across various tasks. Integrating LLMs with Federated Learning (FL), a paradigm known as FedLLM, offers a promising avenue for collaborative model adaptation while preserving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Yebo Wu , Chunlin Tian , Jingguang Li , He Sun , Kahou Tam , Zhanting Zhou , Haicheng Liao , Jing Xiong , Zhijiang Guo , Li Li , Chengzhong Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown outstanding performance across wide range of downstream tasks. This competency is attributed to their substantial parameter size and pre-training on extensive corpus. Moreover, LLMs have exhibited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Yuhan Ma , Haiqi Jiang , Chenyou Fan

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to solve complex reasoning tasks by generating intermediate reasoning steps. However, most existing approaches focus on hard token decoding, which constrains reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yige Xu , Xu Guo , Zhiwei Zeng , Chunyan Miao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities but often face challenges with tasks requiring sophisticated reasoning. While Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting significantly enhances reasoning, it indiscriminately…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Chenwei Lou , Zewei Sun , Xinnian Liang , Meng Qu , Wei Shen , Wenqi Wang , Yuntao Li , Qingping Yang , Shuangzhi Wu

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) raises privacy concerns due to the risk of exposing sensitive training data. Federated learning (FL) mitigates this risk by keeping training samples on local devices, while facing the following…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Zhichao You , Xuewen Dong , Ke Cheng , Xutong Mu , Jiaxuan Fu , Shiyang Ma , Qiang Qu , Yulong Shen

While the recent Chain-of-Thought (CoT) technique enhances the reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs) with the theory of mind, it might still struggle in handling logical reasoning that relies much on symbolic expressions and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Jundong Xu , Hao Fei , Liangming Pan , Qian Liu , Mong-Li Lee , Wynne Hsu

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable reasoning capabilities through long chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning. The R1 distillation scheme has emerged as a promising approach for training…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Yijia Luo , Yulin Song , Xingyao Zhang , Jiaheng Liu , Weixun Wang , GengRu Chen , Wenbo Su , Bo Zheng

LLMs have demonstrated great capabilities in various NLP tasks. Different entities can further improve the performance of those LLMs on their specific downstream tasks by fine-tuning LLMs. When several entities have similar interested…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Weirui Kuang , Bingchen Qian , Zitao Li , Daoyuan Chen , Dawei Gao , Xuchen Pan , Yuexiang Xie , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding , Jingren Zhou

Although large language models (LLMs) have achieved excellent performance in a variety of evaluation benchmarks, they still struggle in complex reasoning tasks which require specific knowledge and multi-hop reasoning. To improve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Zhipeng Chen , Kun Zhou , Beichen Zhang , Zheng Gong , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

Federated fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) is obstructed by a trilemma of challenges: protecting LLMs intellectual property (IP), ensuring client privacy, and mitigating performance loss on heterogeneous data. Existing methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Tao Fan , Guoqiang Ma , Yuanfeng Song , Lixin Fan , Kai Chen , Qiang Yang

Compressing Large Language Models (LLMs) into task-specific Small Language Models (SLMs) encounters two significant challenges: safeguarding domain-specific knowledge privacy and managing limited resources. To tackle these challenges, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Tao Fan , Guoqiang Ma , Yuanfeng Song , Lixin Fan , Qiang Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve state-of-the-art performance but are challenging to deploy due to their high computational and storage demands. Pruning can reduce model size, yet existing methods assume public access to calibration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Guangji Bai , Yijiang Li , Zilinghan Li , Liang Zhao , Kibaek Kim

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has proven to be effective in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) with at least 100 billion parameters. However, it is ineffective or even detrimental when applied to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Chengcheng Han , Xiaowei Du , Che Zhang , Yixin Lian , Xiang Li , Ming Gao , Baoyuan Wang

Large language models (LLMs) show amazing performance on many domain-specific tasks after fine-tuning with some appropriate data. However, many domain-specific data are privately distributed across multiple owners. Thus, this dilemma raises…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Feijie Wu , Zitao Li , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding , Jing Gao

Large language models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable prowess in code generation. However, automated code generation is still challenging since it requires a high-level semantic mapping between natural language requirements and codes. Most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yingwei Ma , Yue Yu , Shanshan Li , Yu Jiang , Yong Guo , Yuanliang Zhang , Yutao Xie , Xiangke Liao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized intelligent services by enabling logical reasoning, tool use, and interaction with external systems as agents. The advancement of LLMs is frequently hindered by the scarcity of high-quality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Panlong Wu , Kangshuo Li , Junbao Nan , Fangxin Wang

The verbosity of Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning hinders its mass deployment in efficiency-critical applications. Recently, implicit CoT approaches have emerged, which encode reasoning steps within LLM's hidden embeddings (termed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Yinhan He , Wendy Zheng , Yaochen Zhu , Zaiyi Zheng , Lin Su , Sriram Vasudevan , Qi Guo , Liangjie Hong , Jundong Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have empowered generative recommendation systems through fine-tuning user behavior data. However, utilizing the user data may pose significant privacy risks, potentially leading to ethical dilemmas and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Jujia Zhao , Wenjie Wang , Chen Xu , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

Instruction tuning has been identified as a crucial technique for optimizing the performance of large language models (LLMs) in generating human-aligned responses. Nonetheless, gathering diversified and superior-quality instruction data for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Zhuo Zhang , Jingyuan Zhang , Jintao Huang , Lizhen Qu , Hongzhi Zhang , Qifan Wang , Xun Zhou , Zenglin Xu

Large language models (LLMs) excel at complex reasoning but can still exhibit harmful behaviors. Current alignment strategies typically embed safety into model weights, making these controls implicit, static, and difficult to modify. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Xuanming Zhang , Yuxuan Chen , Samuel Yeh , Sharon Li