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Large language model-based web agents have demonstrated strong performance on realistic web interaction tasks. However, existing evaluations are predominantly conducted under relatively stable and well-behaved interaction conditions, which…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Haoyue Bai , Dong Wang , Long Chen , Bingguang Hao , Pengyang Shao , Yonghui Yang , Yicheng He , Chenyi Zhuang

Recent advances in large language models have improved the capabilities of coding agents, yet systematic evaluation of complex, end-to-end website development remains limited. To address this gap, we introduce Vision2Web, a hierarchical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Zehai He , Wenyi Hong , Zhen Yang , Ziyang Pan , Mingdao Liu , Xiaotao Gu , Jie Tang

Multimodal AI agents are increasingly automating complex real-world workflows that involve online web execution. However, current web-agent benchmarks suffer from a critical limitation: they focus entirely on web-based interaction and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Shoubin Yu , Lei Shu , Antoine Yang , Yao Fu , Srinivas Sunkara , Maria Wang , Jindong Chen , Mohit Bansal , Boqing Gong

As digitalization and cloud technologies evolve, the web is becoming increasingly important in the modern society. Autonomous web agents based on large language models (LLMs) hold a great potential in work automation. It is therefore…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Tianci Xue , Weijian Qi , Tianneng Shi , Chan Hee Song , Boyu Gou , Dawn Song , Huan Sun , Yu Su

Agentic search such as Deep Research systems-where agents autonomously browse the web, synthesize information, and return comprehensive citation-backed answers-represents a major shift in how users interact with web-scale information. While…

Web agents automate browser tasks, ranging from simple form completion to complex workflows like ordering groceries. While current benchmarks evaluate general-purpose performance~(e.g., WebArena) or safety against malicious actions~(e.g.,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Guruprasad Viswanathan Ramesh , Asmit Nayak , Basieem Siddique , Kassem Fawaz

Modern web agents possess computer use abilities that allow them to interact with webpages by sending commands to a virtual keyboard and mouse. While such agents have considerable potential to assist human users with complex tasks,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Yixiao Song , Katherine Thai , Chau Minh Pham , Yapei Chang , Mazin Nadaf , Mohit Iyyer

Recent progress in large language models (LLMs) has enabled the development of autonomous web agents capable of navigating and interacting with real websites. However, evaluating such agents remains challenging due to the instability and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Zihao Sun , Ling Chen

We introduce REAL, a benchmark and framework for multi-turn agent evaluations on deterministic simulations of real-world websites. REAL comprises high-fidelity, deterministic replicas of 11 widely-used websites across domains such as…

With advances in generative AI, there is now potential for autonomous agents to manage daily tasks via natural language commands. However, current agents are primarily created and tested in simplified synthetic environments, leading to a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Shuyan Zhou , Frank F. Xu , Hao Zhu , Xuhui Zhou , Robert Lo , Abishek Sridhar , Xianyi Cheng , Tianyue Ou , Yonatan Bisk , Daniel Fried , Uri Alon , Graham Neubig

We introduce WorkBench: a benchmark dataset for evaluating agents' ability to execute tasks in a workplace setting. WorkBench contains a sandbox environment with five databases, 26 tools, and 690 tasks. These tasks represent common business…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Olly Styles , Sam Miller , Patricio Cerda-Mardini , Tanaya Guha , Victor Sanchez , Bertie Vidgen

We introduce Mind2Web, the first dataset for developing and evaluating generalist agents for the web that can follow language instructions to complete complex tasks on any website. Existing datasets for web agents either use simulated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Xiang Deng , Yu Gu , Boyuan Zheng , Shijie Chen , Samuel Stevens , Boshi Wang , Huan Sun , Yu Su

Reliable evaluation of AI agents operating in complex, real-world environments requires methodologies that are robust, transparent, and contextually aligned with the tasks agents are intended to perform. This study identifies persistent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Deepak Akkil , Mowafak Allaham , Amal Raj , Tamer Abuelsaad , Ravi Kokku

Videos are often used to learn or extract the necessary information to complete tasks in ways different than what text and static imagery alone can provide. However, many existing agent benchmarks neglect long-context video understanding,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Lawrence Jang , Yinheng Li , Dan Zhao , Charles Ding , Justin Lin , Paul Pu Liang , Rogerio Bonatti , Kazuhito Koishida

We introduce EconWebArena, a benchmark for evaluating autonomous agents on complex, multimodal economic tasks in realistic web environments. The benchmark comprises 360 curated tasks from 82 authoritative websites spanning domains such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zefang Liu , Yinzhu Quan

We introduce WebGames, a comprehensive benchmark suite designed to evaluate general-purpose web-browsing AI agents through a collection of 50+ interactive challenges. These challenges are specifically crafted to be straightforward for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 George Thomas , Alex J. Chan , Jikun Kang , Wenqi Wu , Filippos Christianos , Fraser Greenlee , Andy Toulis , Marvin Purtorab

Language agents are increasingly deployed in complex professional workflows, with tutoring emerging as a particularly high-stakes capability that remains largely unmeasured in existing benchmarks. Effective tutor agents require more than…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Zixin Chen , Peng Liu , Rui Sheng , Haobo Li , Jianhong Tu , Xiaodong Deng , Kashun Shum , Dayiheng Liu , Huamin Qu

Agentic Web is an emerging paradigm where autonomous agents help users use online information. As the paradigm develops, content providers are also deploying agents to manage their data and serve it through controlled interfaces. This shift…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Shanshan Zhong , Kate Shen , Chenyan Xiong

Autonomous agents that execute human tasks by controlling computers can enhance human productivity and application accessibility. However, progress in this field will be driven by realistic and reproducible benchmarks. We present…

Autonomous web agents solve complex browsing tasks, yet existing benchmarks measure only whether an agent finishes a task, ignoring whether it does so safely or in a way enterprises can trust. To integrate these agents into critical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Ido Levy , Ben Wiesel , Sami Marreed , Alon Oved , Avi Yaeli , Segev Shlomov
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