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Today, the internet is an integral part of our daily lives, enabling people to be more connected than ever before. However, this greater connectivity and access to information increase exposure to harmful content such as cyber-bullying and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Lanqin Yuan , Tianyu Wang , Gabriela Ferraro , Hanna Suominen , Marian-Andrei Rizoiu

Hate speech is one of the main threats posed by the widespread use of social networks, despite efforts to limit it. Although attention has been devoted to this issue, the lack of datasets and case studies centered around scarcely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Camilla Casula , Sara Tonelli

Recently, structure-text contrastive learning has shown promising performance on text-attributed graphs by leveraging the complementary strengths of graph neural networks and language models. However, existing methods typically rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Yating Ren , Yikun Ban , Huobin Tan

Numerous datasets have been proposed to combat the spread of online hate. Despite these efforts, a majority of these resources are English-centric, primarily focusing on overt forms of hate. This research gap calls for developing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Chaewon Park , Soohwan Kim , Kyubyong Park , Kunwoo Park

Toxic online speech has become a crucial problem nowadays due to an exponential increase in the use of internet by people from different cultures and educational backgrounds. Differentiating if a text message belongs to hate speech and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Bencheng Wei , Jason Li , Ajay Gupta , Hafiza Umair , Atsu Vovor , Natalie Durzynski

Social media, particularly Twitter, has seen a significant increase in incidents like trolling and hate speech. Thus, identifying hate speech is the need of the hour. This paper introduces a computational framework to curb the hate content…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Anusha Chhabra , Dinesh Kumar Vishwakarma

Social media platforms are increasingly dominated by long-form multimodal content, where harmful narratives are constructed through a complex interplay of audio, visual, and textual cues. While automated systems can flag hate speech with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Girish A. Koushik , Helen Treharne , Diptesh Kanojia

Social media are pervasive in our life, making it necessary to ensure safe online experiences by detecting and removing offensive and hate speech. In this work, we report our submission to the Offensive Language and hate-speech Detection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-03 AbdelRahim Elmadany , Chiyu Zhang , Muhammad Abdul-Mageed , Azadeh Hashemi

The pervasiveness of the Internet and social media have enabled the rapid and anonymous spread of Hate Speech content on microblogging platforms such as Twitter. Current EU and US legislation against hateful language, in conjunction with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Chrysoula Themeli , George Giannakopoulos , Nikiforos Pittaras

With the recent surge and exponential growth of social media usage, scrutinizing social media content for the presence of any hateful content is of utmost importance. Researchers have been diligently working since the past decade on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Atanu Mandal , Gargi Roy , Amit Barman , Indranil Dutta , Sudip Kumar Naskar

Hateful and Toxic content has become a significant concern in today's world due to an exponential rise in social media. The increase in hate speech and harmful content motivated researchers to dedicate substantial efforts to the challenging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Suman Dowlagar , Radhika Mamidi

Hate speech detection is a crucial area of research in natural language processing, essential for ensuring online community safety. However, detecting implicit hate speech, where harmful intent is conveyed in subtle or indirect ways,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Yumin Kim , Hwanhee Lee

Text generation is of great importance to many natural language processing applications. However, maximization-based decoding methods (e.g. beam search) of neural language models often lead to degenerate solutions -- the generated text is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Yixuan Su , Tian Lan , Yan Wang , Dani Yogatama , Lingpeng Kong , Nigel Collier

Counterspeech has been demonstrated to be an efficacious approach for combating hate speech. While various conventional and controlled approaches have been studied in recent years to generate counterspeech, a counterspeech with a certain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Rishabh Gupta , Shaily Desai , Manvi Goel , Anil Bandhakavi , Tanmoy Chakraborty , Md. Shad Akhtar

Hate speech is increasingly prevalent online, and its negative outcomes include increased prejudice, extremism, and even offline hate crime. Automatic detection of online hate speech can help us to better understand these impacts. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-10 John D Gallacher

Recent studies have demonstrated the vulnerability of deep convolutional neural networks against adversarial examples. Inspired by the observation that the intrinsic dimension of image data is much smaller than its pixel space dimension and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-19 Yao Li , Martin Renqiang Min , Wenchao Yu , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Thomas C. M. Lee , Erik Kruus

We present the Multi-Modal Discussion Transformer (mDT), a novel methodfor detecting hate speech in online social networks such as Reddit discussions. In contrast to traditional comment-only methods, our approach to labelling a comment as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Liam Hebert , Gaurav Sahu , Yuxuan Guo , Nanda Kishore Sreenivas , Lukasz Golab , Robin Cohen

Hateful rhetoric is plaguing online discourse, fostering extreme societal movements and possibly giving rise to real-world violence. A potential solution to this growing global problem is citizen-generated counter speech where citizens…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Joshua Garland , Keyan Ghazi-Zahedi , Jean-Gabriel Young , Laurent Hébert-Dufresne , Mirta Galesic

Employing language models to generate explanations for an incoming implicit hate post is an active area of research. The explanation is intended to make explicit the underlying stereotype and aid content moderators. The training often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Neemesh Yadav , Sarah Masud , Vikram Goyal , Vikram Goyal , Md Shad Akhtar , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Amidst the rise of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) and their widespread application in generating and interpreting complex content, the risk of propagating biased and harmful memes remains significant. Current safety measures often fail to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Xuanyu Su , Yansong Li , Diana Inkpen , Nathalie Japkowicz