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Federated learning (FL) is a popular privacy-preserving edge-to-cloud technique used for training and deploying artificial intelligence (AI) models on edge devices. FL aims to secure local client data while also collaboratively training a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Evan Gronberg , Liv d'Aliberti , Magnus Saebo , Aurora Hook

Federated learning (FL) has been widely regarded as a promising paradigm for privacy preservation of raw data in machine learning. Although, the data privacy in FL is locally protected to some extent, it is still a desideratum to enhance…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Yifan Wang , Xianghui Cao , Shi Jin , Mo-Yuen Chow

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative training while keeping sensitive data on clients' devices, but local model updates can still leak private information. Hybrid Homomorphic Encryption (HHE) has recently been applied to FL to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Ivan Costa , Pedro Correia , Ivone Amorim , Eva Maia , Isabel Praça

Decentralized Federated Learning (DFL) enables collaborative model training without a central server, but it remains vulnerable to privacy leakage because shared model updates can expose sensitive information through inversion,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Fardin Jalil Piran , Zhiling Chen , Yang Zhang , Qianyu Zhou , Jiong Tang , Farhad Imani

Federated learning (FL) that enables edge devices to collaboratively learn a shared model while keeping their training data locally has received great attention recently and can protect privacy in comparison with the traditional centralized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Rui Hu , Yanmin Gong , Yuanxiong Guo

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in natural language understanding by capturing hidden semantics in vector space. This process enriches the value of text embeddings for various downstream tasks, thereby fostering the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Peihua Mai , Ran Yan , Zhe Huang , Youjia Yang , Yan Pang

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, but incur high communication overhead and privacy risks in cloud deployments, while facing compute and memory constraints…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Junfei Zhan , Haoxun Shen , Zheng Lin , Tengjiao He

The increasing interest in user privacy is leading to new privacy preserving machine learning paradigms. In the Federated Learning paradigm, a master machine learning model is distributed to user clients, the clients use their locally…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Muhammad Ammad-ud-din , Elena Ivannikova , Suleiman A. Khan , Were Oyomno , Qiang Fu , Kuan Eeik Tan , Adrian Flanagan

Federated sequential recommendation (FedSeqRec) has gained growing attention due to its ability to protect user privacy. Unfortunately, the performance of FedSeqRec is still unsatisfactory because the models used in FedSeqRec have to be…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Wei Yuan , Chaoqun Yang , Guanhua Ye , Tong Chen , Quoc Viet Hung Nguyen , Hongzhi Yin

We propose a prototype-based federated learning method designed for embedding networks in classification or verification tasks. Our focus is on scenarios where each client has data from a single class. The main challenge is to develop an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Hyunsin Park , Sungrack Yun

In today's digital world, casual user-generated content often contains subtle cues that may inadvertently expose sensitive personal attributes. Such risks underscore the growing importance of effective text anonymization to safeguard…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Chenyang Shao , Tianxing Li , Chenhao Pu , Fengli Xu , Yong Li

The few-shot fine-tuning of Latent Diffusion Models (LDMs) has enabled them to grasp new concepts from a limited number of images. However, given the vast amount of personal images accessible online, this capability raises critical concerns…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Ang Li , Yichuan Mo , Mingjie Li , Yisen Wang

Prompting has become a dominant paradigm for adapting large language models (LLMs). While discrete (textual) prompts are widely used for their interpretability, soft (parameter) prompts have recently gained traction in APIs. This is because…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Xun Wang , Jing Xu , Franziska Boenisch , Michael Backes , Christopher A. Choquette-Choo , Adam Dziedzic

Privacy in federated learning is crucial, encompassing two key aspects: safeguarding the privacy of clients' data and maintaining the privacy of the federator's objective from the clients. While the first aspect has been extensively…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Maximilian Egger , Rüdiger Urbanke , Rawad Bitar

Prompt privacy is crucial, especially when using online large language models (LLMs), due to the sensitive information often contained within prompts. While LLMs can enhance prompt privacy through text rewriting, existing methods primarily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Mingchen Li , Heng Fan , Song Fu , Junhua Ding , Yunhe Feng

When collecting information, local differential privacy (LDP) alleviates privacy concerns of users because their private information is randomized before being sent it to the central aggregator. LDP imposes large amount of noise as each…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Tianhao Wang , Bolin Ding , Min Xu , Zhicong Huang , Cheng Hong , Jingren Zhou , Ninghui Li , Somesh Jha

Local differential privacy (LDP), a technique applying unbiased statistical estimations instead of real data, is often adopted in data collection. In particular, this technique is used with frequency oracles (FO) because it can protect each…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Dan Zhao , Suyun Zhao , Ruixuan Liu , Cuiping Li , Wenjuan Liang , Hong Chen

Decentralized Learning (DL) enables users to collaboratively train models without sharing raw data by iteratively averaging local updates with neighbors in a network graph. This setting is increasingly popular for its scalability and its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Aurélien Bellet , Edwige Cyffers , Davide Frey , Romaric Gaudel , Dimitri Lerévérend , François Taïani

In modern distributed computing applications, such as federated learning and AIoT systems, protecting privacy is crucial to prevent adversarial parties from colluding to steal others' private information. However, guaranteeing the utility…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Jiandong Liu , Lan Zhang , Chaojie Lv , Ting Yu , Nikolaos M. Freris , Xiang-Yang Li

With the widespread application of large language models (LLMs), user privacy protection has become a significant research topic. Existing privacy preference modeling methods often rely on large-scale user data, making effective privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Haowei Yang , Qingyi Lu , Yang Wang , Sibei Liu , Jiayun Zheng , Ao Xiang