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In clinical settings, where acquisition conditions and patient populations change over time, continual learning is key for ensuring the safe use of deep neural networks. Yet most existing work focuses on convolutional architectures and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-19 Amin Ranem , Camila González , Anirban Mukhopadhyay

Time series prediction plays a crucial role in various industrial fields. In recent years, neural networks with a transformer backbone have achieved remarkable success in many domains, including computer vision and NLP. In time series…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Qingkui Chen , Yiqin Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance across diverse tasks but continue to struggle with learning transitive relations, a cornerstone for complex planning. To address this issue, we investigate the Multi-Token…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Qimin Zhong , Hao Liao , Siwei Wang , Mingyang Zhou , Xiaoqun Wu , Rui Mao , Wei Chen

Hyperbolic geometry have shown significant potential in modeling complex structured data, particularly those with underlying tree-like and hierarchical structures. Despite the impressive performance of various hyperbolic neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Menglin Yang , Harshit Verma , Delvin Ce Zhang , Jiahong Liu , Irwin King , Rex Ying

Track one of CTI competition is on click-through rate (CTR) prediction. The dataset contains millions of records and each field-wise feature in a record consists of hashed integers for privacy. For this task, the keys of network-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Yujian Betterest Li , Kai Wu

Both local details and global context are crucial in medical image segmentation, and effectively integrating them is essential for achieving high accuracy. However, existing mainstream methods based on CNN-Transformer hybrid architectures…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Dayu Tan , Zhenpeng Xu , Yansen Su , Xin Peng , Chunhou Zheng , Weimin Zhong

To overcome the quadratic cost of self-attention, recent works have proposed various sparse attention modules, most of which fall under one of two groups: 1) sparse attention under a hand-crafted patterns and 2) full attention followed by a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Sungjun Cho , Seonwoo Min , Jinwoo Kim , Moontae Lee , Honglak Lee , Seunghoon Hong

Associative memory architectures are designed for memorization but also offer, through their retrieval method, a form of generalization to unseen inputs: stored memories can be seen as prototypes from this point of view. Focusing on Modern…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Matan Abudy , Nur Lan , Emmanuel Chemla , Roni Katzir

Contemporary multilingual dependency parsers can parse a diverse set of languages, but for Morphologically Rich Languages (MRLs), performance is attested to be lower than other languages. The key challenge is that, due to high morphological…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Danit Yshaayahu Levi , Reut Tsarfaty

We propose Joint MLP/Attention (JoMA) dynamics, a novel mathematical framework to understand the training procedure of multilayer Transformer architectures. This is achieved by integrating out the self-attention layer in Transformers,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Yuandong Tian , Yiping Wang , Zhenyu Zhang , Beidi Chen , Simon Du

The Transformer architecture has become increasingly popular over the past two years, owing to its impressive performance on a number of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, all Transformer computations occur at the level of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-05 David Donahue , Vladislav Lialin , Anna Rumshisky

Despite the advantageous subquadratic complexity of modern recurrent deep learning models -- such as state-space models (SSMs) -- recent studies have highlighted their potential shortcomings compared to transformers on reasoning and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Destiny Okpekpe , Antonio Orvieto

The transformer architecture is central to the success of modern Large Language Models (LLMs), in part due to its surprising ability to perform a wide range of tasks - including mathematical reasoning, memorization, and retrieval - using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Yihe Dong , Lorenzo Noci , Mikhail Khodak , Mufan Li

We describe an efficient hierarchical method to compute attention in the Transformer architecture. The proposed attention mechanism exploits a matrix structure similar to the Hierarchical Matrix (H-Matrix) developed by the numerical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Zhenhai Zhu , Radu Soricut

Transformers have sprung up in the field of computer vision. In this work, we explore whether the core self-attention module in Transformer is the key to achieving excellent performance in image recognition. To this end, we build an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Chuanxin Tang , Yucheng Zhao , Guangting Wang , Chong Luo , Wenxuan Xie , Wenjun Zeng

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) are the dominant deep neural network (DNN) architecture for computer vision. Recently, Transformer and multi-layer perceptron (MLP)-based models, such as Vision Transformer and MLP-Mixer, started to lead…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Yucheng Zhao , Guangting Wang , Chuanxin Tang , Chong Luo , Wenjun Zeng , Zheng-Jun Zha

All-MLP architectures have attracted increasing interest as an alternative to attention-based models. In NLP, recent work like gMLP shows that all-MLPs can match Transformers in language modeling, but still lag behind in downstream tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Ping Yu , Mikel Artetxe , Myle Ott , Sam Shleifer , Hongyu Gong , Ves Stoyanov , Xian Li

Large language models exhibit sophisticated capabilities, yet understanding how they work internally remains a central challenge. A fundamental obstacle is that training selects for behavior, not circuitry, so many weight configurations can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Joshua S. Schiffman

Interpreting hierarchical structures latent in language is a key limitation of current language models (LMs). While previous research has implicitly leveraged these hierarchies to enhance LMs, approaches for their explicit encoding are yet…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Yuan He , Zhangdie Yuan , Jiaoyan Chen , Ian Horrocks

While Transformer self-attention offers strong parallelism, the Key-Value (KV) cache grows linearly with sequence length and becomes a bottleneck for inference efficiency. Multi-head latent attention was recently developed to compress the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Keqi Deng , Philip C. Woodland