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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in various natural language processing tasks; however, their application to graph-related problems remains limited, primarily due to scalability constraints and the absence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Hyun Lee , Chris Yi , Maminur Islam , B. D. S. Aritra

Integrating large language models (LLMs) with knowledge graphs derived from domain-specific data represents an important advancement towards more powerful and factual reasoning. As these models grow more capable, it is crucial to enable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Stefan Dernbach , Khushbu Agarwal , Alejandro Zuniga , Michael Henry , Sutanay Choudhury

Graphs are an essential data structure utilized to represent relationships in real-world scenarios. Prior research has established that Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) deliver impressive outcomes in graph-centric tasks, such as link prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Xubin Ren , Jiabin Tang , Dawei Yin , Nitesh Chawla , Chao Huang

The growing interests and applications of graph learning in diverse domains have propelled the development of a unified model generalizing well across different graphs and tasks, known as the Graph Foundation Model (GFM). Existing research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Trung-Kien Nguyen , Heng Ping , Shixuan Li , Peiyu Zhang , Nikos Kanakaris , Nicholas Kotov , Paul Bogdan

Pre-training Graph Foundation Models (GFMs) on text-attributed graphs (TAGs) is central to web-scale applications such as search, recommendation, and knowledge discovery. However, existing CLIP-style graph-text aligners face two key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Yuhang Liu , Minglai Shao , Zengyi Wo , Yunlong Chu , Bing Hao , Shengzhong Liu , Ruijie Wang , Jianxin Li

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have demonstrated success in modeling relational data primarily under the assumption of homophily. However, many real-world graphs exhibit heterophily, where linked nodes belong to different categories or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Shujie Li , Yuxia Wu , Chuan Shi , Yuan Fang

In many real-world scenarios (e.g., academic networks, social platforms), different types of entities are not only associated with texts but also connected by various relationships, which can be abstracted as Text-Attributed Heterogeneous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Tao Zou , Le Yu , Yifei Huang , Leilei Sun , Bowen Du

Heterogeneous graph neural networks (HGNNs) excel at capturing structural and semantic information in heterogeneous graphs (HGs), while struggling to generalize across domains and tasks. With the rapid advancement of large language models…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Jinyu Yang , Cheng Yang , Shanyuan Cui , Zeyuan Guo , Liangwei Yang , Muhan Zhang , Zhiqiang Zhang , Chuan Shi

Text classification plays an important role in various downstream text-related tasks, such as sentiment analysis, fake news detection, and public opinion analysis. Recently, text classification based on Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) has made…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Zuo Wang , Ye Yuan

Universal graph pre-training has emerged as a key paradigm in graph representation learning, offering a promising way to train encoders to learn transferable representations from unlabeled graphs and to effectively generalize across a wide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Lianze Shan , Jitao Zhao , Dongxiao He , Yongqi Huang , Zhiyong Feng , Weixiong Zhang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have become a standard paradigm for graph representation learning, yet their message passing mechanism implicitly assumes that messages can be represented by source node embeddings, an assumption that fails in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Dawei Cheng , Wenjun Wang , Mingjian Guang

Recently, research on Text-Attributed Graphs (TAGs) has gained significant attention due to the prevalence of free-text node features in real-world applications and the advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) that bolster TAG…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Yun Zhu , Haizhou Shi , Xiaotang Wang , Yongchao Liu , Yaoke Wang , Boci Peng , Chuntao Hong , Siliang Tang

Learning powerful data embeddings has become a center piece in machine learning, especially in natural language processing and computer vision domains. The crux of these embeddings is that they are pretrained on huge corpus of data in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Saurabh Verma , Zhi-Li Zhang

Graph-structured data exhibit substantial heterogeneity in where their predictive signals originate: in some domains, node-level semantics dominate, while in others, structural patterns play a central role. This structure-semantics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Safal Thapaliya , Zehong Wang , Jiazheng Li , Ziming Li , Yanfang Ye , Chuxu Zhang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have evolved to understand graph structures through recursive exchanges and aggregations among nodes. To enhance robustness, self-supervised learning (SSL) has become a vital tool for data augmentation.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Jiabin Tang , Yuhao Yang , Wei Wei , Lei Shi , Lixin Su , Suqi Cheng , Dawei Yin , Chao Huang

Learning on Graphs has attracted immense attention due to its wide real-world applications. The most popular pipeline for learning on graphs with textual node attributes primarily relies on Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), and utilizes shallow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Zhikai Chen , Haitao Mao , Hang Li , Wei Jin , Hongzhi Wen , Xiaochi Wei , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Wenqi Fan , Hui Liu , Jiliang Tang

Graphs are able to model interconnected entities in many online services, supporting a wide range of applications on the Web. This raises an important question: How can we train a graph foundational model on multiple source domains and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Xingtong Yu , Zechuan Gong , Chang Zhou , Yuan Fang , Hui Zhang

Can we combine heterogenous graph structure with text to learn high-quality semantic and behavioural representations? Graph neural networks (GNN)s encode numerical node attributes and graph structure to achieve impressive performance in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Vassilis N. Ioannidis , Xiang Song , Da Zheng , Houyu Zhang , Jun Ma , Yi Xu , Belinda Zeng , Trishul Chilimbi , George Karypis

Federated graph learning (FGL) enables collaborative training on graph data across multiple clients. With the rise of large language models (LLMs), textual attributes in FGL graphs are gaining attention. Text-attributed graph federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Zekai Chen , Haodong Lu , Xunkai Li , Henan Sun , Jia Li , Hongchao Qin , Rong-Hua Li , Guoren Wang

The rapid rise of large language models (LLMs) and their ability to capture semantic relationships has led to their adoption in a wide range of applications. Text-attributed graphs (TAGs) are a notable example where LLMs can be combined…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Mayur Choudhary , Saptarshi Sengupta , Katerina Potika