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Designing model architectures requires decisions such as selecting operators (e.g., attention, convolution) and configurations (e.g., depth, width). However, evaluating the impact of these decisions on model quality requires costly…

Novel architectures have recently improved generative image synthesis leading to excellent visual quality in various tasks. Of particular note is the field of ``AI-Art'', which has seen unprecedented growth with the emergence of powerful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Robin Rombach , Andreas Blattmann , Björn Ommer

Image-text contrastive models such as CLIP learn transferable and robust representations for zero-shot transfer to a variety of downstream tasks. However, to obtain strong downstream performances, prompts need to be carefully curated, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Soumya Suvra Ghosal , Samyadeep Basu , Soheil Feizi , Dinesh Manocha

Recent advancements in text-to-image diffusion models have yielded impressive results in generating realistic and diverse images. However, these models still struggle with complex prompts, such as those that involve numeracy and spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Long Lian , Boyi Li , Adam Yala , Trevor Darrell

In large-scale industrial LLM systems, prompt templates often expand to thousands of tokens as teams iteratively incorporate sections such as task instructions, few-shot examples, and heuristic rules to enhance robustness and coverage. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Zhentao Xu , Fengyi Li , Albert Chen , Xiaofeng Wang

Network pruning is an effective technique for enabling lightweight Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), which primarily incorporates both weights and activations into the importance metric. However, existing efforts typically process…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Sijie Li , Biao Qian , Jungong Han

The Stable Diffusion model is a prominent text-to-image generation model that relies on a text prompt as its input, which is encoded using the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training (CLIP). However, text prompts have limitations when it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Yuxuan Ding , Chunna Tian , Haoxuan Ding , Lingqiao Liu

Text-to-image generation has recently emerged as a viable alternative to text-to-image retrieval, driven by the visually impressive results of generative diffusion models. Although query performance prediction is an active research topic in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Eduard Poesina , Adriana Valentina Costache , Adrian-Gabriel Chifu , Josiane Mothe , Radu Tudor Ionescu

With recent advancements in diffusion models, users can generate high-quality images by writing text prompts in natural language. However, generating images with desired details requires proper prompts, and it is often unclear how a model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Zijie J. Wang , Evan Montoya , David Munechika , Haoyang Yang , Benjamin Hoover , Duen Horng Chau

Generative models are increasingly powerful, yet users struggle to guide them through prompts. The generative process is difficult to control and unpredictable, and user instructions may be ambiguous or under-specified. Prior prompt…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Zhipeng Li , Yi-Chi Liao , Christian Holz

With the rapid advancement of large multimodal models (LMMs), recent text-to-image (T2I) models can generate high-quality images and demonstrate great alignment to short prompts. However, they still struggle to effectively understand and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Juntong Wang , Huiyu Duan , Jiarui Wang , Ziheng Jia , Guangtao Zhai , Xiongkuo Min

Vision transformers have achieved leading performance on various visual tasks yet still suffer from high computational complexity. The situation deteriorates in dense prediction tasks like semantic segmentation, as high-resolution inputs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Quan Tang , Bowen Zhang , Jiajun Liu , Fagui Liu , Yifan Liu

Personalized text-to-image (P-T2I) generation aims to create new, text-guided images featuring the personalized subject with a few reference images. However, balancing the trade-off relationship between prompt fidelity and identity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Kangyeol Kim , Wooseok Seo , Sehyun Nam , Bodam Kim , Suhyeon Jeong , Wonwoo Cho , Jaegul Choo , Youngjae Yu

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have emerged as the backbone of many segmentation models, consistently achieving state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance. However, their success comes at a significant computational cost. Image token pruning is one of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Hanning Chen , Yang Ni , Wenjun Huang , Yezi Liu , SungHeon Jeong , Fei Wen , Nathaniel Bastian , Hugo Latapie , Mohsen Imani

Vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved impressive performance on multimodal reasoning tasks such as visual question answering, image captioning and so on, but their inference cost remains a significant challenge due to the large number…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Weichen Zhang , Zhui Zhu , Ningbo Li , Shilong Tao , Kebin Liu , Yunhao Liu

Prompt tuning has emerged as a key technique for adapting large pre-trained Decision Transformers (DTs) in offline Reinforcement Learning (RL), particularly in multi-task and few-shot settings. The Prompting Decision Transformer (PDT)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Finn Rietz , Oleg Smirnov , Sara Karimi , Lele Cao

Despite advancements in text-to-image generation (T2I), prior methods often face text-image misalignment problems such as relation confusion in generated images. Existing solutions involve cross-attention manipulation for better…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Leigang Qu , Wenjie Wang , Yongqi Li , Hanwang Zhang , Liqiang Nie , Tat-Seng Chua

Prompt learning has become one of the most efficient paradigms for adapting large pre-trained vision-language models to downstream tasks. Current state-of-the-art methods, like CoOp and ProDA, tend to adopt soft prompts to learn an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Sifan Long , Zhen Zhao , Junkun Yuan , Zichang Tan , Jiangjiang Liu , Luping Zhou , Shengsheng Wang , Jingdong Wang

Depth pruning aims to reduce the inference cost of a large language model without any hardware-specific complications, by simply removing several less important transformer blocks. However, our empirical findings suggest that the importance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Juyun Wee , Minjae Park , Jaeho Lee

Recent advances in diffusion models have significantly enhanced the quality of image synthesis, yet they have also introduced serious safety concerns, particularly the generation of Not Safe for Work (NSFW) content. Previous research has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Yaopei Zeng , Yuanpu Cao , Bochuan Cao , Yurui Chang , Jinghui Chen , Lu Lin