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The ground-breaking detections of gravitational waves from black hole mergers by LIGO have rekindled interest in primordial black holes (PBHs) and the possibility of dark matter being composed of PBHs. It has been suggested that PBHs of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-24 Qirong Zhu , Eugene Vasiliev , Yuexing Li , Yipeng Jing

Dark Matter (DM) is omnipresent in our universe. Despite its abundance, the microscopic identity of DM still remains a mystery. Primordial black holes (PBHs), possibly formed via gravitational collapse of large density perturbations in the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-10-11 Anupam Ray

Light black holes could have formed in the very early universe through the collapse of large primordial density fluctuations. These primordial black holes (PBHs), if light enough, would have evaporated by now because of the emission of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-11 Jérémy Auffinger , Alexandre Arbey , Pearl Sandick , Barmak Shams Es Haghi , Kuver Sinha

We study the matter power spectrum constraint on primordial black holes (PBH) by the dark matter (DM) emitted through Hawking radiation. We particularly focus on the scenario where PBH, with mass ranges between 1g and $10^9$g, evaporates…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-06 Yu-Ming Chen

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) are appealing candidates for dark matter in the universe but are severely constrained by theoretical and observational constraints. We will focus on the Hawking evaporation limits extended to Kerr black holes.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-01 Alexandre Arbey , Jérémy Auffinger , Joseph Silk

Hawking evaporation of black holes in the early Universe is expected to copiously produce all kinds of particles, regardless of their charges under the Standard Model gauge group. For this reason, any fundamental particle, known or…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-02-01 Andrew Cheek , Lucien Heurtier , Yuber F. Perez-Gonzalez , Jessica Turner

Primordial black holes (PBHs), hypothesized to form in the early universe from gravitational collapse of density fluctuations, represent a well-motivated dark matter (DM) candidate. Their potential detection through gamma-ray signatures…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-07-23 C. J. Ouseph , Giorgio Busoni , John Gargalionis , Sin Kyu Kang , Anthony G. Williams

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are thought to have been formed as a result of density fluctuations in the very early Universe. It is suggested that PBHs of mass $\sim 5 \times 10^{14} \mathrm{\ g}$ or less have evaporated through the release…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-04 Sajan Kumar

In this $\textit{Letter}$, we search for the signal of the primordial black holes (PBHs) by correlating the $\gamma$-ray emissions in the MeV energy band produced by the Hawking evaporation and the lensing effect of the cosmic microwave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-16 Xiu-Hui Tan , Yang-Jie Yan , Taotao Qiu , Jun-Qing Xia

If 0.1% of the dark matter in the Coma cluster is constituted by primordial black holes (PBHs) with masses ranging from 10^-19 to 10^-17 solar masses, then the observed GeV {\gamma}-ray emission from the cluster could potentially be…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-08 Jeremy Mould , Bhashin Thakore

Light primordial black holes (PBHs) that fully evaporate before Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) produce dark radiation (DR) via Hawking radiation of gravitons, contributing to the effective number of relativistic species $\Delta N_{\rm…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-01 Nayun Jia , Chen Zhang , Xin Zhang

Recent developments in the study of primordial black holes (PBHs) will be reviewed, with particular emphasis on their formation and evaporation. PBHs could provide a unique probe of the early Universe, gravitational collapse, high energy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 B. J. Carr

The recently identified \textit{memory burden} effect has the potential to significantly decelerate the evaporation of black holes. Specifically, when approximately half of a black hole's initial mass has been radiated away, the evaporation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-27 Xiu-hui Tan , Yu-feng Zhou

The detection of gamma-ray signals from primordial black holes (PBHs) could provide compelling evidence for their role as a dark matter candidate, particularly through the observation of their Hawking radiation. Future gamma-ray…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-03-07 Kingman Cheung , C. J. Ouseph , Po-Yan Tseng , Sin Kyu Kang

We present a new analysis of the diffuse soft $\gamma$-ray emission towards the inner Galaxy as measured by the SPectrometer aboard the INTEGRAL satellite (SPI) with 16 years of data taking. The analysis implements a spatial template fit of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-01-12 J. Berteaud , F. Calore , J. Iguaz , P. D. Serpico , T. Siegert

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are theoretical black holes which may be formed during the radiation dominant era and, basically, caused by the gravitational collapse of radiational overdensities. It has been well known that in the context of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-26 Yuichiro Tada , Shuichiro Yokoyama

Because primordial black holes (PBHs) evaporate into all particle species in nature, PBHs may emit several dark matter (DM) particle species with specific mass spectra. We assume that PBHs are the only source of DMs, and DMs only interact…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-11-15 Teruyuki Kitabayashi

We investigate the effects of producing dark matter by Hawking evaporation of primordial black holes (PBHs) in scenarios that may have a second well-motivated dark matter production mechanism, such as freeze-out, freeze-in, or gravitational…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-11-25 Paolo Gondolo , Pearl Sandick , Barmak Shams Es Haghi

Theoretical studies on the memory-burden effect suggest that Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) with masses smaller than $10^{15}$ grams may be viable dark matter candidates and, consequently, be potential sources of high-energy particles in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-29 Marco Chianese

Rotating black holes (BHs) can efficiently transfer energy to the surrounding environment via superradiance. In particular, when the Compton length of a particle is comparable to the gravitational radius of a BH, the particle's occupation…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-08-31 Nicolás Bernal , Yuber F. Perez-Gonzalez , Yong Xu