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High resolution information on climatic conditions is essential to many applications in environmental and ecological sciences. Here we present the CHELSA Climatologies at high resolution for the earths land surface areas data of downscaled…

North Pacific subsurface temperature data from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation model at 10m, 50m, 75m, 100m and 150m depths, are analyzed using a combination of state-space decomposition and subspace identification techniques to examine…

Applications · Statistics 2012-04-12 Cindy Bessey , Roy Mendelssohn

Thousands of scanned historical topographic maps contain valuable information covering long periods of time, such as how the hydrography of a region has changed over time. Efficiently unlocking the information in these maps requires…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-14 Weiwei Duan , Yao-Yi Chiang , Stefan Leyk , Johannes H. Uhl , Craig A. Knoblock

Land surface temperature (LST) is vital for land-atmosphere interactions and climate processes. Accurate LST retrieval remains challenging under heterogeneous land cover and extreme atmospheric conditions. Traditional split window (SW)…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-08 Tian Xie , Huanfeng Shen , Menghui Jiang , Juan-Carlos Jiménez-Muñoz , José A. Sobrino , Huifang Li , Chao Zeng

Utilizing the information in observations of a complex system to make accurate predictions through a quantitative model when observations are completed at time $T$, requires an accurate estimate of the full state of the model at time $T$.…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2014-05-13 Zhe An , Daniel Rey , Henry D. I. Abarbanel

Thermal tomography is an imaging technique for deducing information about the internal structure of a physical body from temperature measurements on its boundary. This work considers time-dependent thermal tomography modeled by a parabolic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-07-25 Nuutti Hyvönen , Lauri Mustonen

With the increasing amount of data being visualized in large information spaces, methods providing data-driven context have become indispensable. Off-screen visualization techniques, therefore, have been extensively researched for their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-06-30 Dominik Jäckle , Johannes Fuchs , Harald Reiterer

A purposely built deep learning algorithm for the Verification of Earth-System ParametERisation (VESPER) is used to assess recent upgrades of the global physiographic datasets underpinning the quality of the Integrated Forecasting System…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-10-25 Tom Kimpson , Margarita Choulga , Matthew Chantry , Gianpaolo Balsamo , Souhail Boussetta , Peter Dueben , Tim Palmer

Although deep learning models have demonstrated remarkable potential in weather prediction, most of them overlook either the \textbf{physics} of the underlying weather evolution or the \textbf{topology} of the Earth's surface. In light of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Jiaqi Zheng , Qing Ling , Yerong Feng

In this paper we study the problem of estimating snow cover in mountainous regions, that is, the spatial extent of the earth surface covered by snow. We argue that publicly available visual content, in the form of user generated photographs…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Roman Fedorov , Alessandro Camerada , Piero Fraternali , Marco Tagliasacchi

Satellite product validation is key to ensure the delivery of quality products for climate and weather applications. To do this, a fundamental step is the comparison with other instruments, such us radiosonde. This is specially true for…

Applications · Statistics 2018-03-16 Francesco Finazzi , Alessandro Fassò , Fabio Madonna , Ilia Negri , Bomin Sun , Marco Rosoldi

Combining strengths from deep learning and extreme value theory can help describe complex relationships between variables where extreme events have significant impacts (e.g., environmental or financial applications). Neural networks learn…

Applications · Statistics 2023-10-06 Mitchell L. Krock , Julie Bessac , Michael L. Stein

Neural networks are a promising technique for parameterizing sub-grid-scale physics (e.g. moist atmospheric convection) in coarse-resolution climate models, but their lack of interpretability and reliability prevents widespread adoption.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-12-30 Noah D. Brenowitz , Tom Beucler , Michael Pritchard , Christopher S. Bretherton

Contour maps are widely used to display estimates of spatial fields. Instead of showing the estimated field, a contour map only shows a fixed number of contour lines for different levels. However, despite the ubiquitous use of these maps,…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-07-11 David Bolin , Finn Lindgren

Recalling the most relevant visual memories for localisation or understanding a priori the likely outcome of localisation effort against a particular visual memory is useful for efficient and robust visual navigation. Solutions to this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Matthew Gadd , Benjamin Ramtoula , Daniele De Martini , Paul Newman

The absolute depth values of surrounding environments provide crucial cues for various assistive technologies, such as localization, navigation, and 3D structure estimation. We propose that accurate depth estimated from panoramic images can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Junho Kim , Eun Sun Lee , Young Min Kim

Continental-scale knowledge of subsurface temperature is limited by the cost and sparsity of borehole measurements, but such information is essential for geothermal resource assessment and for understanding heat transport in the shallow…

Models for near-rigid shape matching are typically based on distance-related features, in order to infer matches that are consistent with the isometric assumption. However, real shapes from image datasets, even when expected to be related…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2008-09-23 Julian J. McAuley , Tiberio S. Caetano , Alexander J. Smola

Site-specific weather forecasts are essential to accurate prediction of power demand and are consequently of great interest to energy operators. However, weather forecasts from current numerical weather prediction (NWP) models lack the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-08-02 MengMeng Han , Tennessee Leeuwenburg , Brad Murphy

Global and regional annual mean temperature data have been analysed by many groups to determine the linear trends of temperature over climatological time scales. The near consistent results generally show an increase of about 0.07 {\deg}C…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2019-08-23 Kamsali Nagaraja , S. C. Chakravarty