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Recent advancements in language models (LMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in semantic understanding and contextual modeling, which have flourished in generative speech enhancement (SE). However, many LM-based SE approaches…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-11 Boyi Kang , Xinfa Zhu , Zihan Zhang , Zhen Ye , Mingshuai Liu , Ziqian Wang , Yike Zhu , Guobin Ma , Jun Chen , Longshuai Xiao , Chao Weng , Wei Xue , Lei Xie

Large audio-language models (LALMs) unify speech and text processing, but their robustness in noisy real-world settings remains underexplored. We investigate how irrelevant audio, such as silence, synthetic noise, and environmental sounds,…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Chen-An Li , Tzu-Han Lin , Hung-yi Lee

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have recently become a focal point of research due to their formidable multimodal understanding capabilities. For example, in the audio and speech domains, an LLM can be equipped with (automatic)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Umberto Cappellazzo , Minsu Kim , Honglie Chen , Pingchuan Ma , Stavros Petridis , Daniele Falavigna , Alessio Brutti , Maja Pantic

We present a novel Speech Augmented Language Model (SALM) with {\em multitask} and {\em in-context} learning capabilities. SALM comprises a frozen text LLM, a audio encoder, a modality adapter module, and LoRA layers to accommodate speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Zhehuai Chen , He Huang , Andrei Andrusenko , Oleksii Hrinchuk , Krishna C. Puvvada , Jason Li , Subhankar Ghosh , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg

Automated Audio Captioning aims to describe the semantic content of input audio. Recent works have employed large language models (LLMs) as a text decoder to leverage their reasoning capabilities. However, prior approaches that project…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Hyeongkeun Lee , Jongmin Choi , KiHyun Nam , Joon Son Chung

Recent years have seen important advances in the building of interpretable models, machine learning models that are designed to be easily understood by humans. In this work, we show that large language models (LLMs) are remarkably good at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Sebastian Bordt , Ben Lengerich , Harsha Nori , Rich Caruana

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising performance on diverse medical benchmarks, highlighting their potential in supporting real-world clinical tasks. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a key approach for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Kaishuai Xu , Wenjun Hou , Yi Cheng , Wenjie Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit emerging in-context learning abilities through prompt engineering. The recent progress in large-scale generative models has further expanded their use in real-world language applications. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Linyi Yang , Shuibai Zhang , Zhuohao Yu , Guangsheng Bao , Yidong Wang , Jindong Wang , Ruochen Xu , Wei Ye , Xing Xie , Weizhu Chen , Yue Zhang

While Audio Large Models (ALMs) have achieved remarkable proficiency, their robustness remains brittle in real-world deployment. Existing evaluations largely rely on synthetic Gaussian noise or simplistic single-source interference, failing…

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) represent an important frontier in multimodal AI, addressing diverse audio tasks. Recently, post-training of LALMs has received increasing attention due to significant performance improvements over…

Evaluation of large language models (LLMs) has raised great concerns in the community due to the issue of data contamination. Existing work designed evaluation protocols using well-defined algorithms for specific tasks, which cannot be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Kaijie Zhu , Jindong Wang , Qinlin Zhao , Ruochen Xu , Xing Xie

LLMs' remarkable ability to tackle a wide range of language tasks opened new opportunities for collaborative human-AI problem solving. LLMs can amplify human capabilities by applying their intuitions and reasoning strategies at scale. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Abhishek Sharma , Dan Goldwasser

Spoken language assessment (SLA) systems restrict themselves to evaluating the pronunciation and oral fluency of a speaker by analysing the read and spontaneous spoken utterances respectively. The assessment of language grammar or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Sunil Kumar Kopparapu , Chitralekha Bhat , Ashish Panda

Evaluations of audio-language models (ALMs) -- multimodal models that take interleaved audio and text as input and output text -- are hindered by the lack of standardized benchmarks; most benchmarks measure only one or two capabilities and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Tony Lee , Haoqin Tu , Chi Heem Wong , Zijun Wang , Siwei Yang , Yifan Mai , Yuyin Zhou , Cihang Xie , Percy Liang

Standard classification models often map inputs directly to labels without explicit reasoning, potentially limiting their performance, robustness, and interpretability. This paper introduces a novel two-stage approach to enhance text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Mads Henrichsen , Rasmus Krebs

Argument mining (AM) is an interdisciplinary research field focused on the automatic identification and classification of argumentative components, such as claims and premises, and the relationships between them. Recent advances in large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Marcin Pietroń , Filip Gampel , Jakub Gomułka , Andrzej Tomski , Rafał Olszowski

Despite the remarkable success of large-scale Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-3, their performances still significantly underperform fine-tuned models in the task of text classification. This is due to (1) the lack of reasoning ability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Xiaofei Sun , Xiaoya Li , Jiwei Li , Fei Wu , Shangwei Guo , Tianwei Zhang , Guoyin Wang

In this work, we present Covo-Audio, a 7B-parameter end-to-end LALM that directly processes continuous audio inputs and generates audio outputs within a single unified architecture. Through large-scale curated pretraining and targeted…

Audio large language models (Audio LLMs) demonstrate strong performance on speech understanding tasks, yet their ability to understand paralinguistic information remains limited. To systematically quantify this issue, we introduce…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jiacheng Pang , Ashutosh Chaubey , Mohammad Soleymani

Recent advancements in medical Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased their powerful reasoning and diagnostic capabilities. Despite their success, current unified multimodal medical LLMs face limitations in knowledge update costs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Yucheng Zhou , Lingran Song , Jianbing Shen