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In the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) system, advanced Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as effective Query Likelihood Models (QLMs) in an unsupervised way, which re-rank documents based on the probability of generating the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Xiaowei Yuan , Zhao Yang , Yequan Wang , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) suffer from significant performance degradation on the long document understanding task as document length increases. This stems from two fundamental challenges: 1) a low Signal-to-Noise…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Hao Yan , Yuliang Liu , Xingchen Liu , Yuyi Zhang , Minghui Liao , Jihao Wu , Wei Chen , Xiang Bai

According to common relevance-judgments regimes, such as TREC's, a document can be deemed relevant to a query even if it contains a very short passage of text with pertinent information. This fact has motivated work on passage-based…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Eilon Sheetrit , Anna Shtok , Oren Kurland

Recent advances in language models opened new opportunities to address complex schema matching tasks. Schema matching approaches have been proposed that demonstrate the usefulness of language models, but they have also uncovered important…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Yurong Liu , Eduardo Pena , Aecio Santos , Eden Wu , Juliana Freire

Recommender systems are tasked to infer users' evolving preferences and rank items aligned with their intents, which calls for in-depth reasoning beyond pattern-based scoring. Recent efforts start to leverage large language models (LLMs)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Kehan Zheng , Deyao Hong , Qian Li , Jun Zhang , Huan Yu , Jie Jiang , Hongning Wang

Recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of using large language language models (LLMs) in passage ranking. The listwise approaches, such as RankGPT, have become new state-of-the-art in this task. However, the efficiency of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Qi Liu , Bo Wang , Nan Wang , Jiaxin Mao

Learning-to-Rank (LTR) is a supervised machine learning approach that constructs models specifically designed to order a set of items or documents based on their relevance or importance to a given query or context. Despite significant…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Camilo Gomez , Pengyang Wang , Yanjie Fu

Recent advancements have successfully harnessed the power of Large Language Models (LLMs) for zero-shot document ranking, exploring a variety of prompting strategies. Comparative approaches like pairwise and listwise achieve high…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Kehan Long , Shasha Li , Chen Xu , Jintao Tang , Ting Wang

The presence of social biases in large language models (LLMs) has become a significant concern in AI research. These biases, often embedded in training data, can perpetuate harmful stereotypes and distort decision-making processes. When…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Amirabbas Afzali , Amirreza Velae , Iman Ahmadi , Mohammad Aliannejadi

Music Recommender Systems (MRS) have long relied on an information-retrieval framing, where progress is measured mainly through accuracy on retrieval-oriented subtasks. While effective, this reductionist paradigm struggles to address the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Elena V. Epure , Yashar Deldjoo , Bruno Sguerra , Markus Schedl , Manuel Moussallam

Travel choice analysis is crucial for understanding individual travel behavior to develop appropriate transport policies and recommendation systems in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Despite extensive research, this domain faces…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Xuehao Zhai , Hanlin Tian , Lintong Li , Tianyu Zhao

Query optimization is a critical task in database systems, focused on determining the most efficient way to execute a query from an enormous set of possible strategies. Traditional approaches rely on heuristic search methods and cost…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Zhiming Yao , Haoyang Li , Jing Zhang , Cuiping Li , Hong Chen

The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in recent years has also given rise to the development of Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs). These new MLLMs allow us to process images, videos and even audio alongside textual inputs. In this project, we aim…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Charlton Teo

By leveraging the retrieval of information from external knowledge databases, Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit enhanced capabilities for accomplishing many knowledge-intensive tasks. However, due to the inherent flaws of current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Siye Wu , Jian Xie , Jiangjie Chen , Tinghui Zhu , Kai Zhang , Yanghua Xiao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated strong capabilities in tool use, yet progress in tool retrieval remains hindered by incomplete and heterogeneous tool documentation. To address this challenge, we introduce Tool-DE, a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Xuan Lu , Haohang Huang , Rui Meng , Yaohui Jin , Wenjun Zeng , Xiaoyu Shen

Benchmarks establish a standardized evaluation framework to systematically assess the performance of large language models (LLMs), facilitating objective comparisons and driving advancements in the field. However, existing benchmarks fail…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Ziqian Zhang , Xingjian Hu , Yue Huang , Kai Zhang , Ruoxi Chen , Yixin Liu , Qingsong Wen , Kaidi Xu , Xiangliang Zhang , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Lichao Sun

Document retrieval is a key stage of standard Web search engines. Existing dual-encoder dense retrievers obtain representations for questions and documents independently, allowing for only shallow interactions between them. To overcome this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Noah Ziems , Wenhao Yu , Zhihan Zhang , Meng Jiang

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized NLP research. Notably, in-context learning enables their use as evaluation metrics for natural language generation, making them particularly advantageous in low-resource scenarios and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Christoph Leiter , Steffen Eger

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) enhance the potential of natural language processing. However, their actual impact on document information extraction remains unclear. In particular, it is unclear whether an MLLM-only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Jiyuan Shen , Peiyue Yuan , Atin Ghosh , Yifan Mai , Daniel Dahlmeier

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated a superior ability to serve as ranking models. However, concerns have arisen as LLMs will exhibit discriminatory ranking behaviors based on users' sensitive attributes (\eg gender).…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Chen Xu , Wenjie Wang , Yuxin Li , Liang Pang , Jun Xu , Tat-Seng Chua