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Large Language Models (LLMs) encapsulate a surprising amount of factual world knowledge. However, their performance on temporal questions and historical knowledge is limited because they often cannot understand temporal scope and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Jonas Wallat , Abdelrahman Abdallah , Adam Jatowt , Avishek Anand

Large language models (LLMs) have recently gained significant attention due to their unparalleled ability to perform various natural language processing tasks. These models, benefiting from their advanced natural language understanding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Jonas Wallat , Adam Jatowt , Avishek Anand

With the advent of artificial intelligence (AI), many researchers are attempting to extract structured information from document-level biomedical literature by fine-tuning large language models (LLMs). However, they face significant…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Lei Zhao , Ling Kang , Quan Guo

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive zero-shot abilities in solving a wide range of general-purpose tasks. However, it is empirically found that LLMs fall short in recognizing and utilizing temporal information,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Zhendong Chu , Zichao Wang , Ruiyi Zhang , Yangfeng Ji , Hongning Wang , Tong Sun

The automatic detection of temporal relations among events has been mainly investigated with encoder-only models such as RoBERTa. Large Language Models (LLM) have recently shown promising performance in temporal reasoning tasks such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Gabriel Roccabruna , Massimo Rizzoli , Giuseppe Riccardi

Temporal relation extraction (TRE) is a fundamental task in natural language processing (NLP) that involves identifying the temporal relationships between events in a document. Despite the advances in large language models (LLMs), their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Alon Eirew , Kfir Bar , Ido Dagan

Timing of clinical events is central to characterization of patient trajectories, enabling analyses such as process tracing, forecasting, and causal reasoning. However, structured electronic health records capture few data elements critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Jing Wang , Jeremy C Weiss

Matching patients to clinical trials is a key unsolved challenge in bringing new drugs to market. Today, identifying patients who meet a trial's eligibility criteria is highly manual, taking up to 1 hour per patient. Automated screening is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Michael Wornow , Alejandro Lozano , Dev Dash , Jenelle Jindal , Kenneth W. Mahaffey , Nigam H. Shah

This paper revisits the classical notion of sampling in the setting of real-time temporal logics for the modeling and analysis of systems. The relationship between the satisfiability of Metric Temporal Logic (MTL) formulas over…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-03-13 Carlo A. Furia , Matteo Rossi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance across diverse tasks without domain-specific training, fueling interest in their potential for time-series forecasting. While LLMs have shown potential in zero-shot forecasting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Junwoo Park , Hyuck Lee , Dohyun Lee , Daehoon Gwak , Jaegul Choo

Large language models (LLMs) have been applied in many fields and have developed rapidly in recent years. As a classic machine learning task, time series forecasting has recently been boosted by LLMs. Recent works treat large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Hua Tang , Chong Zhang , Mingyu Jin , Qinkai Yu , Zhenting Wang , Xiaobo Jin , Yongfeng Zhang , Mengnan Du

The increasing acceptance of large language models (LLMs) as an alternative to knowledge sources marks a significant paradigm shift across various domains, including time-sensitive fields such as law, healthcare, and finance. To fulfill…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Ashutosh Bajpai , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Relation extraction (RE) consistently involves a certain degree of labeled or unlabeled data even if under zero-shot setting. Recent studies have shown that large language models (LLMs) transfer well to new tasks out-of-the-box simply given…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Guozheng Li , Peng Wang , Wenjun Ke

Clinical texts, represented in electronic medical records (EMRs), contain rich medical information and are essential for disease prediction, personalised information recommendation, clinical decision support, and medication pattern mining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Hangyu Tu , Lifeng Han , Goran Nenadic

Prompt-based evaluations suggest that large language models (LLMs) perform poorly on time series classification, raising doubts about whether they encode meaningful temporal structure. We show that this conclusion reflects limitations of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Dan Schumacher , Erfan Nourbakhsh , Rocky Slavin , Anthony Rios

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained popularity in time series forecasting, but their potential for anomaly detection remains largely unexplored. Our study investigates whether LLMs can understand and detect anomalies in time series…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Zihao Zhou , Rose Yu

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have enabled numerous advances in understanding and reasoning in domains like vision, but we have not yet seen this broad success for time-series. Although prior works on time-series MLLMs have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Winnie Chow , Lauren Gardiner , Haraldur T. Hallgrímsson , Maxwell A. Xu , Shirley You Ren

We evaluate the ability of large language models (LLMs) to infer causal relations from natural language. Compared to traditional natural language processing and deep learning techniques, LLMs show competitive performance in a benchmark of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Alessandro Antonucci , Gregorio Piqué , Marco Zaffalon

The existing methods for evaluating the medical knowledge of Large Language Models (LLMs) are largely based on atemporal examination-style benchmarks, while in reality, medical knowledge is inherently dynamic and continuously evolves as new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Zihan Guan , Qiao Jin , Guangzhi Xiong , Fangyuan Chen , Mengxuan Hu , Qingyu Chen , Yifan Peng , Zhiyong Lu , Anil Vullikanti

Language models (LMs) have shown impressive performance on tasks within their training distribution, but often struggle with structurally novel tasks even when given a small number of in-context task examples. We investigate the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Ekin Akyürek , Mehul Damani , Adam Zweiger , Linlu Qiu , Han Guo , Jyothish Pari , Yoon Kim , Jacob Andreas
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