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Connecting text and visual modalities plays an essential role in generative intelligence. For this reason, inspired by the success of large language models, significant research efforts are being devoted to the development of Multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Davide Caffagni , Federico Cocchi , Luca Barsellotti , Nicholas Moratelli , Sara Sarto , Lorenzo Baraldi , Lorenzo Baraldi , Marcella Cornia , Rita Cucchiara

Leveraging information across diverse modalities is known to enhance performance on multimodal segmentation tasks. However, effectively fusing information from different modalities remains challenging due to the unique characteristics of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Md Kaykobad Reza , Ashley Prater-Bennette , M. Salman Asif

Foundation models (FMs) are a popular topic of research in AI. Their ability to generalize to new tasks and datasets without retraining or needing an abundance of data makes them an appealing candidate for applications on specialist…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Marga Don , Stijn Pinson , Blanca Guillen Cebrian , Yuki M. Asano

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) promise enhanced reasoning by integrating diverse inputs such as text, vision, and audio. Yet cross-modal reasoning remains underexplored, with conflicting reports on whether added modalities help or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yucheng Wang , Yifan Hou , Aydin Javadov , Mubashara Akhtar , Mrinmaya Sachan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently shown promise in streamlining hardware design processes by encapsulating vast amounts of domain-specific data. In addition, they allow users to interact with the design processes through natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Yongan Zhang , Zhongzhi Yu , Yonggan Fu , Cheng Wan , Yingyan Celine Lin

Large language models (LLMs) achieve strong performance by generating long chains of thought, but longer traces always introduce redundant or ineffective reasoning steps. One typical behavior is that they often perform unnecessary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Jinyi Han , Zixiang Di , Zishang Jiang , Ying Liao , Jiaqing Liang , Yongqi Wang , Yanghua Xiao

Standard flow matching scales well but typically relies on an unstructured source distribution, limiting its ability to learn interpretable latent structure. Latent-variable models, by contrast, capture structure but often sacrifice…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Xavier Sumba , Carles Balsells-Rodas , Yingzhen Li

Integrating image generation and understanding into a single framework has become a pivotal goal in the multimodal domain. However, how understanding can effectively assist generation has not been fully explored. Unlike previous works that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yanbing Zeng , Jia Wang , Hanghang Ma , Junqiang Wu , Jie Zhu , Xiaoming Wei , Jie Hu

Multimodal Large Language Models demonstrate strong performance on multimodal benchmarks, yet often exhibit poor robustness when exposed to spurious modality interference, such as irrelevant text in vision understanding, or irrelevant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Rui Cai , Bangzheng Li , Xiaofei Wen , Muhao Chen , Zhe Zhao

Unified multimodal models (UMMs) aim to integrate understanding and generation within a single architecture. However, it remains underexplored how to effectively coordinate these two capabilities for more effective and efficient reasoning.…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Hayes Bai , Yinyi Luo , Wenwen Wang , Qingsong Wen , Jindong Wang

Accelerating large language model pre-training is a critical issue in present research. In this paper, we focus on speeding up pre-training by progressively growing from a small Transformer structure to a large one. There are two main…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Yiqun Yao , Zheng Zhang , Jing Li , Yequan Wang

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities, their substantial computational and memory requirements pose significant barriers to practical deployment. Current parameter reduction techniques primarily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yiran Huang , Lukas Thede , Massimiliano Mancini , Wenjia Xu , Zeynep Akata

The explainability of a robot's actions is crucial to its acceptance in social spaces. Explaining why a robot fails to complete a given task is particularly important for non-expert users to be aware of the robot's capabilities and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Pradip Pramanick , Silvia Rossi

Reliably generating structured outputs has become a critical capability for modern language model (LM) applications. Constrained decoding has emerged as the dominant technology across sectors for enforcing structured outputs during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Saibo Geng , Hudson Cooper , Michał Moskal , Samuel Jenkins , Julian Berman , Nathan Ranchin , Robert West , Eric Horvitz , Harsha Nori

Current movie dubbing technology can produce the desired speech using a reference voice and input video, maintaining perfect synchronization with the visuals while effectively conveying the intended emotions. However, crucial aspects of…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Junjie Zheng , Zihao Chen , Chaofan Ding , Yunming Liang , Yihan Fan , Huan Yang , Lei Xie , Xinhan Di

Generating high-dimensional visual modalities is a computationally intensive task. A common solution is progressive generation, where the outputs are synthesized in a coarse-to-fine spectral autoregressive manner. While diffusion models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Moayed Haji-Ali , Willi Menapace , Ivan Skorokhodov , Arpit Sahni , Sergey Tulyakov , Vicente Ordonez , Aliaksandr Siarohin

Recently, multimodal graph learning (MGL) has garnered significant attention for integrating diverse modality information and structured context to support various network applications. However, real-world graphs are often isolated due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Sirui Zhang , Haonan Wang , Xunkai Li , Zekai Chen , Shumeng Li , Hongchao Qin , Rong-Hua Li , Guoren Wang

Granular flows govern many natural and industrial processes, yet their interior kinematics and mechanics remain largely unobservable, as experiments access only boundaries or free surfaces. Conventional numerical simulations are…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Xuyang Li , Rui Li , Teng Man , Yimin Lu

Structural biology relies on accurate three-dimensional biomolecular structures to advance our understanding of biological functions, disease mechanisms, and therapeutics. While recent advances in deep learning have enabled the development…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-04-02 Yizhen Luo , Jiashuo Wang , Siqi Fan , Zaiqing Nie

Foundation models are deep neural networks (such as GPT-5, Gemini~3, and Opus~4) trained on large datasets that can perform diverse downstream tasks -- text and code generation, question answering, summarization, image classification, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Logan G Wright , Tianyu Wang , Tatsuhiro Onodera , Peter L. McMahon