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While several studies have examined the security of code generated by GPT and other Large Language Models (LLMs), most have relied on controlled experiments rather than real developer interactions. This paper investigates the security of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Vladislav Belozerov , Peter J Barclay , Ashkan Sami

Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT have shown the potential to assist developers with coding and debugging tasks. However, their role in collaborative issue resolution is underexplored. In this study, we analyzed 1,152…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Joy Krishan Das , Saikat Mondal , Chanchal K. Roy

Ever since the launch of ChatGPT in 2022, a rising concern is whether ChatGPT will replace programmers and kill jobs. Motivated by this widespread concern, we conducted an empirical study to systematically compare ChatGPT against…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Md Mahir Asef Kabir , Sk Adnan Hassan , Xiaoyin Wang , Ying Wang , Hai Yu , Na Meng

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) facilitates content production and enhances ideation capabilities, which can significantly influence developer productivity and participation in software development. To explore its impact on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Fangchen Song , Ashish Agarwal , Wen Wen

Automatically generating compilable programs with (or without) natural language descriptions has always been a touchstone problem for computational linguistics and automated software engineering. Existing deep-learning approaches model code…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Xin Wang , Yasheng Wang , Yao Wan , Fei Mi , Yitong Li , Pingyi Zhou , Jin Liu , Hao Wu , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

Artificial Intelligence systems, which benefit from the availability of large-scale datasets and increasing computational power, have become effective solutions to various critical tasks, such as natural language understanding, speech…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Zhou Yang , Chenyu Wang , Jieke Shi , Thong Hoang , Pavneet Kochhar , Qinghua Lu , Zhenchang Xing , David Lo

Github Copilot, trained on billions of lines of public code, has recently become the buzzword in the computer science research and practice community. Although it is designed to help developers implement safe and effective code with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Zhensu Sun , Xiaoning Du , Fu Song , Mingze Ni , Li Li

In this study, we assess the efficacy of employing the ChatGPT language model to generate solutions for coding exercises within an undergraduate Java programming course. ChatGPT, a large-scale, deep learning-driven natural language…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Eng Lieh Ouh , Benjamin Kok Siew Gan , Kyong Jin Shim , Swavek Wlodkowski

This study evaluates the efficiency of code generation by Large Language Models (LLMs) and measures their performance against human-crafted solutions using a dataset from Leetcode. We compare 18 LLMs, considering factors such as model…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Tristan Coignion , Clément Quinton , Romain Rouvoy

Finetuning large language models (LLMs) on instructions leads to vast performance improvements on natural language tasks. We apply instruction tuning using code, leveraging the natural structure of Git commits, which pair code changes with…

AI-supported programming has arrived, as shown by the introduction and successes of large language models for code, such as Copilot/Codex (Github/OpenAI) and AlphaCode (DeepMind). Above human average performance on programming challenges is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Rohith Pudari , Neil A. Ernst

Recent years have seen the remarkable capabilities of large language models (LLMs) for code generation. Different from existing work that evaluate the correctness of the code generated by LLMs, we propose to further evaluate its efficiency.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Changan Niu , Ting Zhang , Chuanyi Li , Bin Luo , Vincent Ng

Recent years have seen the development of LLM-based code generation. Compared to generating code in a software project, incremental code edits are empirically observed to be more frequent. The emerging code editing approaches usually…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Chenyan Liu , Yufan Cai , Yun Lin , Yuhuan Huang , Yunrui Pei , Bo Jiang , Ping Yang , Jin Song Dong , Hong Mei

Automated program repair with large language models remains challenging at the repository level due to long-horizon reasoning requirements and the limitations of autoregressive decoding. We present CodePilot, a hybrid framework that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yixuan Liang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used for code generation. However, commercial models like ChatGPT require significant computing power, which leads to high energy use and carbon emissions. This has raised concerns about their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Humza Ashraf , Syed Muhammad Danish , Aris Leivadeas , Yazan Otoum , Zeeshan Sattar

Recently, the large language models (LLMs) have shown extraordinary ability in understanding natural language and generating programming code. It has been a common practice of software engineers to consult LLMs when encountering coding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Li Zhong , Zilong Wang

This paper is a reproduction of work by Ray et al. which claimed to have uncovered a statistically significant association between eleven programming languages and software defects in projects hosted on GitHub. First we conduct an…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Emery D. Berger , Celeste Hollenbeck , Petr Maj , Olga Vitek , Jan Vitek

As AI-powered code generation tools such as GitHub Copilot become popular, it is crucial to understand software developers' trust in AI tools -- a key factor for tool adoption and responsible usage. However, we know little about how…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Ruotong Wang , Ruijia Cheng , Denae Ford , Thomas Zimmermann

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained attention for addressing coding problems, but their effectiveness in fixing code maintainability remains unclear. This study evaluates LLMs capability to resolve 127 maintainability issues from 10…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Henrique Nunes , Eduardo Figueiredo , Larissa Rocha , Sarah Nadi , Fischer Ferreira , Geanderson Esteves

AI-powered coding assistants such as GitHub's Copilot and OpenAI's ChatGPT have achieved notable success in automating code generation. However, these tools rely on pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) that are typically trained on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Junjie Li , Fazle Rabbi , Cheng Cheng , Aseem Sangalay , Yuan Tian , Jinqiu Yang
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