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Related papers: Exploring Safety-Utility Trade-Offs in Personalize…

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Utilizing user profiles to personalize Large Language Models (LLMs) has been shown to enhance the performance on a wide range of tasks. However, the precise role of user profiles and their effect mechanism on LLMs remains unclear. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Bin Wu , Zhengyan Shi , Hossein A. Rahmani , Varsha Ramineni , Emine Yilmaz

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) on some task-specific datasets has been a primary use of LLMs. However, it has been empirically observed that this approach to enhancing capability inevitably compromises safety, a phenomenon also…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-28 Pin-Yu Chen , Han Shen , Payel Das , Tianyi Chen

Safety fine-tuning helps align Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences for their safe deployment. To better understand the underlying factors that make models safe via safety fine-tuning, we design a synthetic data generation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Samyak Jain , Ekdeep Singh Lubana , Kemal Oksuz , Tom Joy , Philip H. S. Torr , Amartya Sanyal , Puneet K. Dokania

Personalization plays a critical role in numerous language tasks and applications, since users with the same requirements may prefer diverse outputs based on their individual interests. This has led to the development of various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Jiongnan Liu , Yutao Zhu , Shuting Wang , Xiaochi Wei , Erxue Min , Yu Lu , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Zhicheng Dou

Personality psychologists have analyzed the relationship between personality and safety behaviors in human society. Although Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate personality traits, the relationship between personality traits and safety…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Jie Zhang , Dongrui Liu , Chen Qian , Ziyue Gan , Yong Liu , Yu Qiao , Jing Shao

Current benchmarks for evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) often do not exhibit enough writing style diversity, with many adhering primarily to standardized conventions. Such benchmarks do not fully capture the rich variety of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Kimberly Le Truong , Riccardo Fogliato , Hoda Heidari , Zhiwei Steven Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated extraordinary capabilities and contributed to multiple fields, such as generating and summarizing text, language translation, and question-answering. Nowadays, LLM is becoming a very popular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Badhan Chandra Das , M. Hadi Amini , Yanzhao Wu

Safety evaluations of large language models (LLMs) typically focus on universal risks like dangerous capabilities or undesirable propensities. However, millions use LLMs for personal advice on high-stakes topics like finance and health,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Manon Kempermann , Sai Suresh Macharla Vasu , Mahalakshmi Raveenthiran , Theo Farrell , Ingmar Weber

Recent studies reveal that Large Language Models (LLMs) face challenges in balancing safety with utility, particularly when processing long texts for NLP tasks like summarization and translation. Despite defenses against malicious short…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Yu Fu , Wen Xiao , Jia Chen , Jiachen Li , Evangelos Papalexakis , Aichi Chien , Yue Dong

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities across various fields, yet their increasing use raises critical security concerns. This article reviews recent literature addressing key issues in LLM security, with a focus…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Benji Peng , Keyu Chen , Ming Li , Pohsun Feng , Ziqian Bi , Junyu Liu , Xinyuan Song , Qian Niu

Alignment with human preference prevents large language models (LLMs) from generating misleading or toxic content while requiring high-cost human feedback. Assuming resources of human annotation are limited, there are two different ways of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Feifan Song , Bowen Yu , Hao Lang , Haiyang Yu , Fei Huang , Houfeng Wang , Yongbin Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in interactions where they are prompted to adopt personas. This paper investigates whether such persona conditioning affects model safety under bullying, an adversarial manipulation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Ziwei Xu , Udit Sanghi , Mohan Kankanhalli

We study the inherent trade-offs in minimizing privacy risks and maximizing utility, while maintaining high computational efficiency, when fine-tuning large language models (LLMs). A number of recent works in privacy research have attempted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Soumi Das , Camila Kolling , Mohammad Aflah Khan , Mahsa Amani , Bishwamittra Ghosh , Qinyuan Wu , Till Speicher , Krishna P. Gummadi

Warning: This paper contains examples of stereotypes and biases. Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit considerable social biases, and various studies have tried to evaluate and mitigate these biases accurately. Previous studies use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Rem Hida , Masahiro Kaneko , Naoaki Okazaki

Safety evaluations of large language models (LLMs) typically report binary outcomes, i.e. attack success rate (ASR), refusal rate, or harmful versus safe classification, which hide how risk changes between prompt and response. We present a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Mengya Hu , Qiong Wei , Sandeep Atluri

As language models achieve increasingly human-like capabilities in conversational text generation, a critical question emerges: to what extent can these systems simulate the characteristics of specific individuals? To evaluate this, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Quan Shi , Carlos E. Jimenez , Stephen Dong , Brian Seo , Caden Yao , Adam Kelch , Karthik Narasimhan

Most safety testing efforts for large language models (LLMs) today focus on evaluating foundation models. However, there is a growing need to evaluate safety at the application level, as components such as system prompts, retrieval…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Jia Yi Goh , Shaun Khoo , Nyx Iskandar , Gabriel Chua , Leanne Tan , Jessica Foo

Personalization of Large Language Models (LLMs) has recently become increasingly important with a wide range of applications. Despite the importance and recent progress, most existing works on personalized LLMs have focused either entirely…

As the use of large language model (LLM) agents continues to grow, their safety vulnerabilities have become increasingly evident. Extensive benchmarks evaluate various aspects of LLM safety by defining the safety relying heavily on general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Yeonjun In , Wonjoong Kim , Kanghoon Yoon , Sungchul Kim , Mehrab Tanjim , Sangwu Park , Kibum Kim , Chanyoung Park

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being utilized by both candidates and employers in the recruitment context. However, with this comes numerous ethical concerns, particularly related to the lack of transparency in these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Airlie Hilliard , Cristian Munoz , Zekun Wu , Adriano Soares Koshiyama