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Large Language Models for Code (LLMs4Code) have achieved strong performance in code generation, but recent studies reveal that they may memorize and leak sensitive information contained in training data, posing serious privacy risks. To…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Shanzhi Gu , Zhaoyang Qu , Ruotong Geng , Mingyang Geng , Shangwen Wang , Chuanfu Xu , Haotian Wang , Zhipeng Lin , Dezun Dong

Machine unlearning for large language models often faces a privacy dilemma in which strict constraints prohibit sharing either the server's parameters or the client's forget set. To address this dual non-disclosure constraint, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Tiantong Wang , Xinyu Yan , Tiantong Wu , Yurong Hao , Pengjun Xie , Wei Yang Bryan Lim

Machine unlearning, which selectively removes harmful knowledge from a pre-trained model without retraining from scratch, is crucial for addressing privacy, regulatory compliance, and ethical concerns in Large Language Models (LLMs).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Feng Guo , Yuntao Wen , Shen Gao , Junshuo Zhang , Shuo Shang

Machine unlearning for LLMs aims to remove sensitive or copyrighted data from trained models. However, the true efficacy of current unlearning methods remains uncertain. Standard evaluation metrics rely on benign queries that often mistake…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Patryk Rybak , Paweł Batorski , Paul Swoboda , Przemysław Spurek

Machine unlearning (MU) for large language models (LLMs), commonly referred to as LLM unlearning, seeks to remove specific undesirable data or knowledge from a trained model, while maintaining its performance on standard tasks. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yiwei Chen , Soumyadeep Pal , Yimeng Zhang , Qing Qu , Sijia Liu

Exact unlearning was first introduced as a privacy mechanism that allowed a user to retract their data from machine learning models on request. Shortly after, inexact schemes were proposed to mitigate the impractical costs associated with…

Unlearning aims to remove copyrighted, sensitive, or private content from large language models (LLMs) without a full retraining. In this work, we develop a multi-task unlearning benchmark (LUME) which features three tasks: (1) unlearn…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Anil Ramakrishna , Yixin Wan , Xiaomeng Jin , Kai-Wei Chang , Zhiqi Bu , Bhanukiran Vinzamuri , Volkan Cevher , Mingyi Hong , Rahul Gupta

Machine Unlearning (MUL) is crucial for privacy protection and content regulation, yet recent studies reveal that traces of forgotten information persist in unlearned models, enabling adversaries to resurface removed knowledge. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Hao Xuan , Xingyu Li

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across a wide range of tasks, growing concerns have emerged over the misuse of sensitive, copyrighted, or harmful data during training. To address these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jie Ren , Zhenwei Dai , Xianfeng Tang , Yue Xing , Shenglai Zeng , Hui Liu , Jingying Zeng , Qiankun Peng , Samarth Varshney , Suhang Wang , Qi He , Charu C. Aggarwal , Hui Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into real-world applications, raising concerns about privacy, security and the need to remove undesirable knowledge. Machine Unlearning has emerged as a promising solution, yet faces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yisheng Zhong , Zhengbang Yang , Zhuangdi Zhu

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have faced increasing demands to selectively remove sensitive information, protect privacy, and comply with copyright regulations through unlearning, by Machine Unlearning. While evaluating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Weipeng Jiang , Juan Zhai , Shiqing Ma , Ziyan Lei , Xiaofei Xie , Yige Wang , Chao Shen

Machine unlearning is the problem of removing the effect of a subset of training data (the ''forget set'') from a trained model without damaging the model's utility e.g. to comply with users' requests to delete their data, or remove…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Kairan Zhao , Meghdad Kurmanji , George-Octavian Bărbulescu , Eleni Triantafillou , Peter Triantafillou

The growing concern over training data privacy has elevated the "Right to be Forgotten" into a critical requirement, thereby raising the demand for effective Machine Unlearning. However, existing unlearning approaches commonly suffer from a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Haoyu Wang , Zhuo Huang , Xiaolong Wang , Bo Han , Zhiwei Lin , Tongliang Liu

Recent work has demonstrated that machine unlearning in Large Language Models (LLMs) fails to generalize across languages: knowledge erased in one language frequently remains accessible through others. However, the underlying cause of this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Taoran Li , Varun Chandrasekaran , Zhiyuan Yu

The trustworthy machine learning (ML) community is increasingly recognizing the crucial need for models capable of selectively 'unlearning' data points after training. This leads to the problem of machine unlearning (MU), aiming to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Chongyu Fan , Jiancheng Liu , Alfred Hero , Sijia Liu

LLM unlearning is essential for mitigating safety, copyright, and privacy concerns in pre-trained large language models (LLMs). Compared to preference alignment, it offers a more explicit way by removing undesirable knowledge characterized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Junfeng Liao , Qizhou Wang , Shanshan Ye , Xin Yu , Ling Chen , Zhen Fang

The widespread deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) trained on massive, uncurated corpora has raised growing concerns about the inclusion of sensitive, copyrighted, or illegal content. This has led to increasing interest in LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Chenlong Zhang , Zhuoran Jin , Hongbang Yuan , Jiaheng Wei , Tong Zhou , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao , Yubo Chen

The LLM unlearning aims to eliminate the influence of undesirable data without affecting causally unrelated information. This process typically involves using a forget set to remove target information, alongside a retain set to maintain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Hang Chen , Jiaying Zhu , Xinyu Yang , Wenya Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized various domains, yet their utility comes with significant challenges related to outdated or problematic knowledge embedded during pretraining. This paper addresses the challenge of modifying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Akshaj Kumar Veldanda , Shi-Xiong Zhang , Anirban Das , Supriyo Chakraborty , Stephen Rawls , Sambit Sahu , Milind Naphade

Machine unlearning is a process to remove specific data points from a trained model while maintaining the performance on the retain data, addressing privacy or legal requirements. Despite its importance, existing unlearning evaluations tend…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yongwoo Kim , Sungmin Cha , Donghyun Kim