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In contrast to children, language models (LMs) exhibit considerably inferior data efficiency when acquiring language. In this submission to the BabyLM Challenge (Warstadt et al., 2023), we test the hypothesis that this data efficiency gap…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Theodor Amariucai , Alex Warstadt

Large Language Models (LLMs) have strong instruction-following capability to interpret and execute tasks as directed by human commands. Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have inferior instruction-following ability compared to LLMs.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Te Yang , Jian Jia , Xiangyu Zhu , Weisong Zhao , Bo Wang , Yanhua Cheng , Yan Li , Shengyuan Liu , Quan Chen , Peng Jiang , Kun Gai , Zhen Lei

Instruction tuning is now a widely adopted approach to aligning large multimodal models (LMMs) to follow human intent. It unifies the data format of vision-language tasks, enabling multi-task joint training. However, vision-language tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Jinghan He , Haiyun Guo , Ming Tang , Jinqiao Wang

Despite the existing evolution of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), a non-neglectable limitation remains in their struggle with visual text grounding, especially in text-rich images of documents. Document images, such as scanned…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Ming Li , Ruiyi Zhang , Jian Chen , Chenguang Wang , Jiuxiang Gu , Yufan Zhou , Franck Dernoncourt , Wanrong Zhu , Tianyi Zhou , Tong Sun

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently shown remarkable perceptual capability in answering visual questions, however, little is known about the limits of their perception. In particular, while prior works have provided…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Jiarui Zhang , Jinyi Hu , Mahyar Khayatkhoei , Filip Ilievski , Maosong Sun

Object-aware reasoning in vision-language tasks poses significant challenges for current models, particularly in handling unseen objects, reducing hallucinations, and capturing fine-grained relationships in complex visual scenes. To address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Antonio Carlos Rivera , Anthony Moore , Steven Robinson

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have endowed LLMs with the ability to perceive and understand multi-modal signals. However, most of the existing MLLMs mainly adopt vision encoders pretrained on coarsely aligned image-text pairs,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Gongwei Chen , Leyang Shen , Rui Shao , Xiang Deng , Liqiang Nie

Visual storytelling is an emerging field that combines images and narratives to create engaging and contextually rich stories. Despite its potential, generating coherent and emotionally resonant visual stories remains challenging due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Xiaochuan Lin , Xiangyong Chen

There is a gap in the understanding of occluded objects in existing large-scale visual language multi-modal models. Current state-of-the-art multi-modal models fail to provide satisfactory results in describing occluded objects through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Shuxin Yang , Xinhan Di

Despite strong performance on vision-language tasks, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) struggle with mathematical problem-solving, with both open-source and state-of-the-art models falling short of human performance on visual-math…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 William Rudman , Michal Golovanevsky , Amir Bar , Vedant Palit , Yann LeCun , Carsten Eickhoff , Ritambhara Singh

Multimodal few-shot learning is challenging due to the large domain gap between vision and language modalities. Existing methods are trying to communicate visual concepts as prompts to frozen language models, but rely on hand-engineered…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Ivona Najdenkoska , Xiantong Zhen , Marcel Worring

Image tagging, a fundamental vision task, traditionally relies on human-annotated datasets to train multi-label classifiers, which incurs significant labor and costs. While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) offer promising potential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Ming-Kun Xie , Jia-Hao Xiao , Zhiqiang Kou , Zhongnian Li , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Recently, by introducing large-scale dataset and strong transformer network, video-language pre-training has shown great success especially for retrieval. Yet, existing video-language transformer models do not explicitly fine-grained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-19 Alex Jinpeng Wang , Yixiao Ge , Guanyu Cai , Rui Yan , Xudong Lin , Ying Shan , Xiaohu Qie , Mike Zheng Shou

This study aims to comprehensively review and empirically evaluate the application of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) and Large Vision Models (VLMs) in object detection for transportation systems. In the first fold, we provide a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Huthaifa I. Ashqar , Ahmed Jaber , Taqwa I. Alhadidi , Mohammed Elhenawy

Knowledge retrieval with multi-modal queries plays a crucial role in supporting knowledge-intensive multi-modal applications. However, existing methods face challenges in terms of their effectiveness and training efficiency, especially when…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Xinwei Long , Jiali Zeng , Fandong Meng , Zhiyuan Ma , Kaiyan Zhang , Bowen Zhou , Jie Zhou

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) rely on strong linguistic reasoning inherited from their base language models. However, multimodal instruction fine-tuning paradoxically degrades this text's reasoning capability, undermining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Zijing Wang , Yongkang Liu , Mingyang Wang , Ercong Nie , Deyuan Chen , Zhengjie Zhao , Shi Feng , Daling Wang , Xiaocui Yang , Yifei Zhang , Hinrich Schütze

Despite the remarkable success of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) in generative tasks, we observe that they exhibit a counterintuitive deficiency in the zero-shot multimodal retrieval task. In this work, we investigate the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Hengyi Feng , Zeang Sheng , Meiyi Qiang , Yang Li , Wentao Zhang

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) integrate visual and linguistic reasoning to address complex tasks such as image captioning and visual question answering. While MLLMs demonstrate remarkable versatility, MLLMs appears limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Wenke Huang , Jian Liang , Xianda Guo , Yiyang Fang , Guancheng Wan , Xuankun Rong , Chi Wen , Zekun Shi , Qingyun Li , Didi Zhu , Yanbiao Ma , Ke Liang , Bin Yang , He Li , Jiawei Shao , Mang Ye , Bo Du

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable reasoning capabilities across modalities such as images and text. However, tabular data, despite being a critical real-world modality, remains relatively underexplored in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Kun-Yang Yu , Zhi Zhou , Shi-Yu Tian , Xiao-Wen Yang , Zi-Yi Jia , Ming Yang , Zi-Jian Cheng , Lan-Zhe Guo , Yu-Feng Li

This paper explores the effectiveness of Multimodal Large Language models (MLLMs) as assistive technologies for visually impaired individuals. We conduct a user survey to identify adoption patterns and key challenges users face with such…