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Graph Foundation Models (GFMs) have achieved remarkable success in generalizing across diverse domains. However, they mainly focus on Text-Attributed Graphs (TAGs), leaving Multimodal-Attributed Graphs (MAGs) largely untapped. Developing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Sicheng Liu , Xunkai Li , Daohan Su , Ru Zhang , Hongchao Qin , Ronghua Li , Guoren Wang

Graph machine learning has made significant strides in recent years, yet the integration of visual information with graph structure and its potential for improving performance in downstream tasks remains an underexplored area. To address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Jing Zhu , Yuhang Zhou , Shengyi Qian , Zhongmou He , Tong Zhao , Neil Shah , Danai Koutra

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have demonstrated success in modeling relational data primarily under the assumption of homophily. However, many real-world graphs exhibit heterophily, where linked nodes belong to different categories or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Shujie Li , Yuxia Wu , Chuan Shi , Yuan Fang

Foundation models like ChatGPT and GPT-4 have revolutionized artificial intelligence, exhibiting remarkable abilities to generalize across a wide array of tasks and applications beyond their initial training objectives. However, graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Yufei He , Yuan Sui , Xiaoxin He , Bryan Hooi

Text-Attributed Graphs (TAGs), where each node is associated with text descriptions, are ubiquitous in real-world scenarios. They typically exhibit distinctive structure and domain-specific knowledge, motivating the development of a Graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xi Zhu , Haochen Xue , Ziwei Zhao , Wujiang Xu , Jingyuan Huang , Minghao Guo , Qifan Wang , Kaixiong Zhou , Imran Razzak , Yongfeng Zhang

The remarkable reasoning and generalization capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) have paved the way for their expanding applications in embodied AI, robotics, and other real-world tasks. To effectively support these applications,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Dongil Yang , Minjin Kim , Sunghwan Kim , Beong-woo Kwak , Minjun Park , Jinseok Hong , Woontack Woo , Jinyoung Yeo

Link prediction is a fundamental task in graph machine learning with widespread applications such as recommendation systems, drug discovery, knowledge graphs, etc. In the foundation model era, how to develop universal link prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Tianyin Liao , Chunyu Hu , Yicheng Sui , Xingxuan Zhang , Peng Cui , Jianxin Li , Ziwei Zhang

Graph foundation models (GFMs) have recently attracted interest due to the promise of graph neural network (GNN) architectures that generalize zero-shot across graphs of arbitrary scales, feature dimensions, and domains. While existing work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Benjamin Gutteridge , Michael Bronstein , Xiaowen Dong

Graph Foundation Models (GFMs) have emerged as a frontier in graph learning, which are expected to deliver transferable representations across diverse tasks. However, GFMs remain constrained by in-memory bottlenecks: they attempt to encode…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Haonan Yuan , Qingyun Sun , Jiacheng Tao , Xingcheng Fu , Jianxin Li

Dynamic graph learning is crucial for modeling real-world systems with evolving relationships and temporal dynamics. However, the lack of a unified benchmark framework in current research has led to inaccurate evaluations of dynamic graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Yusen Zhang

Graph foundation models represent a transformative paradigm for learning transferable representations across diverse graph domains. Recent methods leverage large language models to unify graph and text modalities into a shared…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Heng Zhang , Tianyi Zhang , Yuling Shi , Xiaodong Gu , Yaomin Shen , Haochen You , Zijian Zhang , Yilei Yuan , Jin Huang

Machine learning on graphs has made substantial progress across domains such as molecular property prediction and chip design. Yet benchmarking practices remain fragmented, often relying on narrow, task-specific datasets and inconsistent…

The Genomic Foundation Model (GFM) paradigm is expected to facilitate the extraction of generalizable representations from massive genomic data, thereby enabling their application across a spectrum of downstream applications. Despite…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2024-06-06 Zicheng Liu , Jiahui Li , Siyuan Li , Zelin Zang , Cheng Tan , Yufei Huang , Yajing Bai , Stan Z. Li

Given the ubiquity of graph data, it is intriguing to ask: Is it possible to train a graph foundation model on a broad range of graph data across diverse domains? A major hurdle toward this goal lies in the fact that graphs from different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Xingtong Yu , Chang Zhou , Yuan Fang , Xinming Zhang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) demonstrate outstanding performance in a broad range of applications. While the majority of GNN applications assume that a graph structure is given, some recent methods substantially expanded the applicability…

Equivariant graph neural networks force fields (EGraFFs) have shown great promise in modelling complex interactions in atomic systems by exploiting the graphs' inherent symmetries. Recent works have led to a surge in the development of…

Foundation models have transformed natural language processing and computer vision, and their impact is now reshaping remote sensing image analysis. With powerful generalization and transfer learning capabilities, they align naturally with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Liling Yang , Ning Chen , Jun Yue , Yidan Liu , Jiayi Ma , Pedram Ghamisi , Antonio Plaza , Leyuan Fang

Graph self-supervised learning (SSL) is now a go-to method for pre-training graph foundation models (GFMs). There is a wide variety of knowledge patterns embedded in the graph data, such as node properties and clusters, which are crucial to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Ziwen Zhao , Yixin Su , Yuhua Li , Yixiong Zou , Ruixuan Li , Rui Zhang

Recently, researches have explored the graph neural network (GNN) techniques on text classification, since GNN does well in handling complex structures and preserving global information. However, previous methods based on GNN are mainly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-09 Lianzhe Huang , Dehong Ma , Sujian Li , Xiaodong Zhang , Houfeng WANG

While Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful approaches for learning on Text-Attributed Graphs (TAGs), a comprehensive understanding of their robustness remains elusive. Current evaluations are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Runlin Lei , Lu Yi , Mingguo He , Pengyu Qiu , Zhewei Wei , Yongchao Liu , Chuntao Hong