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This paper investigates techniques for knowledge injection into word embeddings learned from large corpora of unannotated data. These representations are trained with word cooccurrence statistics and do not commonly exploit syntactic and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Diego Ramirez-Echavarria , Antonis Bikakis , Luke Dickens , Rob Miller , Andreas Vlachidis

Large Language Models (LLMs) currently struggle to sequentially add new memories and integrate new knowledge. These limitations contrast with the human ability to continuously learn from new experiences and acquire knowledge throughout…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Xu Pan , Ely Hahami , Zechen Zhang , Haim Sompolinsky

Entity resolution has been an essential and well-studied task in data cleaning research for decades. Existing work has discussed the feasibility of utilizing pre-trained language models to perform entity resolution and achieved promising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-13 Liri Fang , Lan Li , Yiren Liu , Vetle I. Torvik , Bertram Ludäscher

Recent knowledge editing methods have primarily focused on modifying structured knowledge in large language models. However, this task setting overlooks the fact that a significant portion of real-world knowledge is stored in an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Jingcheng Deng , Zihao Wei , Liang Pang , Hanxing Ding , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) store vast amounts of pretrained knowledge but struggle to remain aligned with real-world updates, making it difficult to avoid capability degradation when acquiring evolving knowledge. Furthermore, most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Kailin Jiang , Yuntao Du , Yukai Ding , Yuchen Ren , Ning Jiang , Zhi Gao , Zilong Zheng , Lei Liu , Bin Li , Qing Li

The static nature of knowledge within Large Language Models (LLMs) makes it difficult for them to adapt to evolving information, rendering knowledge editing a critical task. However, existing methods struggle with challenges of scalability…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Minghu Wang , Shuliang Zhao , Yuanyuan Zhao , Hongxia Xu

It is challenging to perform lifelong language learning (LLL) on a stream of different tasks without any performance degradation comparing to the multi-task counterparts. To address this issue, we present Lifelong Language Knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Yung-Sung Chuang , Shang-Yu Su , Yun-Nung Chen

Large language models (LLMs) encode a large amount of world knowledge. However, as such knowledge is frozen at the time of model training, the models become static and limited by the training data at that time. In order to further improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Junyi Li , Tianyi Tang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Jingyuan Wang , Jian-Yun Nie , Ji-Rong Wen

Large Language Models (LLMs) need to adapt to the continuous changes in data, tasks, and user preferences. Due to their massive size and the high costs associated with training, LLMs are not suitable for frequent retraining. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Dongfang Li , Zetian Sun , Xinshuo Hu , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) encounter challenges with the unique syntax of specific domains, such as biomolecules. Existing fine-tuning or modality alignment techniques struggle to bridge the domain knowledge gap and understand complex…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-06-28 Jinzhe Liu , Xiangsheng Huang , Zhuo Chen , Yin Fang

While Large Language Models (LLMs) acquire vast knowledge during pre-training, they often lack domain-specific, new, or niche information. Continual pre-training (CPT) attempts to address this gap but suffers from catastrophic forgetting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Oded Ovadia , Meni Brief , Rachel Lemberg , Eitam Sheetrit

While large language models (LLMs) are pretrained on massive amounts of data, their knowledge coverage remains incomplete in specialized, data-scarce domains, motivating extensive efforts to study synthetic data generation for knowledge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Kexian Tang , Jiani Wang , Shaowen Wang , Kaifeng Lyu

Large language models (LLMs) are proficient in capturing factual knowledge across various domains. However, refining their capabilities on previously seen knowledge or integrating new knowledge from external sources remains a significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Jiaxin Zhang , Wendi Cui , Yiran Huang , Kamalika Das , Sricharan Kumar

Knowledge editing is a rising technique for efficiently updating factual knowledge in large language models (LLMs) with minimal alteration of parameters. However, recent studies have identified side effects, such as knowledge distortion and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Cheng-Hsun Hsueh , Paul Kuo-Ming Huang , Tzu-Han Lin , Che-Wei Liao , Hung-Chieh Fang , Chao-Wei Huang , Yun-Nung Chen

Retrieval-augmented large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated efficacy in knowledge-intensive tasks such as open-domain QA, addressing inherent challenges in knowledge update and factual inadequacy. However, inconsistencies between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Jiajie Jin , Yutao Zhu , Yujia Zhou , Zhicheng Dou

In this paper, we focus on the challenging task of reliably estimating factual knowledge that is embedded inside large language models (LLMs). To avoid reliability concerns with prior approaches, we propose to eliminate prompt engineering…

Natural Language Processing (NLP) has been revolutionized by the use of Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) such as BERT. Despite setting new records in nearly every NLP task, PLMs still face a number of challenges including poor…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Chaoqi Zhen , Yanlei Shang , Xiangyu Liu , Yifei Li , Yong Chen , Dell Zhang

Memory Editing (ME) has emerged as an efficient method to modify erroneous facts or inject new facts into Large Language Models (LLMs). Two mainstream ME methods exist: parameter-modifying ME and parameter-preserving ME (integrating extra…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Zihao Lin , Mohammad Beigi , Hongxuan Li , Yufan Zhou , Yuxiang Zhang , Qifan Wang , Wenpeng Yin , Lifu Huang

The use of pre-trained language models fine-tuned to address specific downstream tasks is a common approach in natural language processing (NLP). However, acquiring domain-specific knowledge via fine-tuning is challenging. Traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Sangyeon Cho , Jangyeong Jeon , Dongjoon Lee , Changhee Lee , Junyeong Kim

Previous studies have shown that large language models (LLMs) like GPTs store massive factual knowledge in their parameters. However, the stored knowledge could be false or out-dated. Traditional knowledge editing methods refine LLMs via…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Ce Zheng , Lei Li , Qingxiu Dong , Yuxuan Fan , Zhiyong Wu , Jingjing Xu , Baobao Chang