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In contemporary society, surveillance anomaly detection, i.e., spotting anomalous events such as crimes or accidents in surveillance videos, is a critical task. As anomalies occur rarely, most training data consists of unlabeled videos…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-05 MyeongAh Cho , Taeoh Kim , Woo Jin Kim , Suhwan Cho , Sangyoun Lee

Though anomaly detection (AD) can be viewed as a classification problem (nominal vs. anomalous) it is usually treated in an unsupervised manner since one typically does not have access to, or it is infeasible to utilize, a dataset that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Lukas Ruff , Robert A. Vandermeulen , Billy Joe Franks , Klaus-Robert Müller , Marius Kloft

Given the scarcity of anomalies in real-world applications, the majority of literature has been focusing on modeling normality. The learned representations enable anomaly detection as the normality model is trained to capture certain key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Feng Xue , Weizhong Yan

Deep anomaly detection is a difficult task since, in high dimensions, it is hard to completely characterize a notion of "differentness" when given only examples of normality. In this paper we propose a novel approach to deep anomaly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Lucas Deecke , Lukas Ruff , Robert A. Vandermeulen , Hakan Bilen

User activities generate a significant number of poor-quality or irrelevant images and data vectors that cannot be processed in the main data processing pipeline or included in the training dataset. Such samples can be found with manual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Garnik Vareldzhan , Kirill Yurkov , Konstantin Ushenin

When formulated as an unsupervised learning problem, anomaly detection often requires a model to learn the distribution of normal data. Previous works apply Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to anomaly detection tasks and show good…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Xu Han , Xiaohui Chen , Li-Ping Liu

Deep learning approaches to anomaly detection have recently improved the state of the art in detection performance on complex datasets such as large collections of images or text. These results have sparked a renewed interest in the anomaly…

Machines of all kinds from vehicles to industrial equipment are increasingly instrumented with hundreds of sensors. Using such data to detect anomalous behaviour is critical for safety and efficient maintenance. However, anomalies occur…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-05-06 Mohit Yadav , Pankaj Malhotra , Lovekesh Vig , K Sriram , Gautam Shroff

Pursuing fast and robust interpretability in Anomaly Detection is crucial, especially due to its significance in practical applications. Traditional Anomaly Detection methods excel in outlier identification but are often black-boxes,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Valentina Zaccaria , David Dandolo , Chiara Masiero , Gian Antonio Susto

We address an anomaly detection setting in which training sequences are unavailable and anomalies are scored independently of temporal ordering. Current algorithms in anomaly detection are based on the classical density estimation approach…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-09-29 Allison Del Giorno , J. Andrew Bagnell , Martial Hebert

Building a scalable machine learning system for unsupervised anomaly detection via representation learning is highly desirable. One of the prevalent methods is using a reconstruction error from variational autoencoder (VAE) via maximizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Seonho Park , George Adosoglou , Panos M. Pardalos

Hacking and false data injection from adversaries can threaten power grids' everyday operations and cause significant economic loss. Anomaly detection in power grids aims to detect and discriminate anomalies caused by cyber attacks against…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Xijuan Sun , Di Wu , Arnaud Zinflou , Benoit Boulet

Anomaly detection is a critical task across numerous domains and modalities, yet existing methods are often highly specialized, limiting their generalizability. These specialized models, tailored for specific anomaly types like textural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Zhaopeng Gu , Bingke Zhu , Guibo Zhu , Yingying Chen , Wei Ge , Ming Tang , Jinqiao Wang

Anomaly detection in data analysis is an interesting but still challenging research topic in real world applications. As the complexity of data dimension increases, it requires to understand the semantic contexts in its description for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-18 Gahye Lee , Seungkyu Lee

In conventional anomaly detection, training data consist of only normal samples. However, in real-world scenarios, the definition of a normal sample is often ambiguous. For example, there are cases where a sample has small scratches or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Reiji Saito , Satoshi Kamiya , Kazuhiro Hotta

Most anomaly detection systems try to model normal behavior and assume anomalies deviate from it in diverse manners. However, there may be patterns in the anomalies as well. Ideally, an anomaly detection system can exploit patterns in both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Jonas Soenen , Elia Van Wolputte , Vincent Vercruyssen , Wannes Meert , Hendrik Blockeel

Exfiltration of data via email is a serious cybersecurity threat for many organizations. Detecting data exfiltration (anomaly) patterns typically requires labeling, most often done by a human annotator, to reduce the high number of false…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Jaturong Kongmanee , Mark Chignell , Khilan Jerath , Abhay Raman

Mislabeled samples are ubiquitous in real-world datasets as rule-based or expert labeling is usually based on incorrect assumptions or subject to biased opinions. Neural networks can "memorize" these mislabeled samples and, as a result,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Katharina Rombach , Gabriel Michau , Olga Fink

Unsupervised anomaly detection using deep learning has garnered significant research attention due to its broad applicability, particularly in medical imaging where labeled anomalous data are scarce. While earlier approaches leverage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Chunlei Li , Yilei Shi , Jingliang Hu , Xiao Xiang Zhu , Lichao Mou

Hybrid methods have been shown to outperform pure statistical and pure deep learning methods at both forecasting tasks, and at quantifying the uncertainty associated with those forecasts (prediction intervals). One example is Multivariate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Thabang Mathonsi , Terence L van Zyl