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Various adversarial audio attacks have recently been developed to fool automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. We here propose a defense against such attacks based on the uncertainty introduced by dropout in neural networks. We show…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-16 Tejas Jayashankar , Jonathan Le Roux , Pierre Moulin

Conformal prediction is a powerful tool to generate uncertainty sets with guaranteed coverage using any predictive model, under the assumption that the training and test data are i.i.d.. Recently, it has been shown that adversarial examples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Ge Yan , Yaniv Romano , Tsui-Wei Weng

Whisper is a recent Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model displaying impressive robustness to both out-of-distribution inputs and random noise. In this work, we show that this robustness does not carry over to adversarial noise. We show…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-14 Raphael Olivier , Bhiksha Raj

We study Label-Smoothing as a means for improving adversarial robustness of supervised deep-learning models. After establishing a thorough and unified framework, we propose several variations to this general method: adversarial, Boltzmann…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Morgane Goibert , Elvis Dohmatob

Achieving robustness in image segmentation models is challenging due to the fine-grained nature of pixel-level classification. These models, which are crucial for many real-time perception applications, particularly struggle when faced with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Laura Zheng , Wenjie Wei , Tony Wu , Jacob Clements , Shreelekha Revankar , Andre Harrison , Yu Shen , Ming C. Lin

Random testing (RT) is a well-studied testing method that has been widely applied to the testing of many applications, including embedded software systems, SQL database systems, and Android applications. Adaptive random testing (ART) aims…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Rubing Huang , Weifeng Sun , Yinyin Xu , Haibo Chen , Dave Towey , Xin Xia

With the growing integration of AI in daily life, ensuring the robustness of systems to inference-time attacks is crucial. Among the approaches for certifying robustness to such adversarial examples, randomized smoothing has emerged as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Zhuoqun Huang , Neil G Marchant , Olga Ohrimenko , Benjamin I. P. Rubinstein

Recent work has proposed stateful defense models (SDMs) as a compelling strategy to defend against a black-box attacker who only has query access to the model, as is common for online machine learning platforms. Such stateful defenses aim…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Ryan Feng , Ashish Hooda , Neal Mangaokar , Kassem Fawaz , Somesh Jha , Atul Prakash

Models for image segmentation, node classification and many other tasks map a single input to multiple labels. By perturbing this single shared input (e.g. the image) an adversary can manipulate several predictions (e.g. misclassify several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Jan Schuchardt , Tom Wollschläger , Aleksandar Bojchevski , Stephan Günnemann

Recently it has been shown that state-of-the-art NLP models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, where the predictions of a model can be drastically altered by slight modifications to the input (such as synonym substitutions). While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Yahan Yang , Soham Dan , Dan Roth , Insup Lee

Time-series anomaly detection (TSAD) is a critical component in monitoring complex systems, yet modern deep learning-based detectors are often highly sensitive to localized input corruptions and structured noise. We propose ARTA…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Hadi Hojjati , Narges Armanfard

Sequential recommender systems have demonstrated strong capabilities in modeling users' dynamic preferences and capturing item transition patterns. However, real-world user behaviors are often noisy due to factors such as human errors,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Kaike Zhang , Qi Cao , Fei Sun , Xinran Liu , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

It is known that Deep Neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, and the adversarial robustness of DNNs could be improved by adding adversarial noises to training data (e.g., the standard adversarial training (SAT)).…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-23 Linhai Ma , Liang Liang

Randomized smoothing is a popular way of providing robustness guarantees against adversarial attacks: randomly-smoothed functions have a universal Lipschitz-like bound, allowing for robustness certificates to be easily computed. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Alexander Levine , Aounon Kumar , Thomas Goldstein , Soheil Feizi

Deep Learning models are highly susceptible to adversarial manipulations that can lead to catastrophic consequences. One of the most effective methods to defend against such disturbances is adversarial training but at the cost of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Samuel Henrique Silva , Arun Das , Ian Scarff , Peyman Najafirad

The deployment of multimodal models in high-stakes domains, such as self-driving vehicles and medical diagnostics, demands not only strong predictive performance but also reliable mechanisms for detecting failures. In this work, we address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Moru Liu , Hao Dong , Olga Fink , Mario Trapp

Autoregressive models (ARMs) currently hold state-of-the-art performance in likelihood-based modeling of image and audio data. Generally, neural network based ARMs are designed to allow fast inference, but sampling from these models is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Auke Wiggers , Emiel Hoogeboom

With increasingly more powerful compute capabilities and resources in today's devices, traditionally compute-intensive automatic speech recognition (ASR) has been moving from the cloud to devices to better protect user privacy. However, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Mingbin Xu , Alex Jin , Sicheng Wang , Mu Su , Tim Ng , Henry Mason , Shiyi Han , Zhihong Lei , Yaqiao Deng , Zhen Huang , Mahesh Krishnamoorthy

With the prevalence of multimedia content on the Web, developing recommender solutions that can effectively leverage the rich signal in multimedia data is in urgent need. Owing to the success of deep neural networks in representation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Jinhui Tang , Xiaoyu Du , Xiangnan He , Fajie Yuan , Qi Tian , Tat-Seng Chua

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are known to be vulnerable to various adversarial perturbations. To address the safety concerns arising from these vulnerabilities, adversarial training (AT) has emerged as one of the most effective paradigms for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Rui Wang , Zeming Wei , Xiyue Zhang , Meng Sun