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Using Large Language Models (LLMs) for relevance assessments offers promising opportunities to improve Information Retrieval (IR), Natural Language Processing (NLP), and related fields. Indeed, LLMs hold the promise of allowing IR…

Background: Cheating in university education is commonly described as context dependent and influenced by assessment design, institutional norms, and student interpretation. In software engineering education, programming oriented coursework…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Ronnie de Souza Santos , Italo Santos , Mariana Bento , Giuseppe Destefanis , Cleyton Magalhães , Mairieli Wessel

Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly evolving and impacting various fields, necessitating the development of effective methods to evaluate and compare their performance. Most current approaches for performance evaluation are either…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Behrad Moniri , Hamed Hassani , Edgar Dobriban

Previous multilingual benchmarks focus primarily on simple understanding tasks, but for large language models(LLMs), we emphasize proficiency in instruction following, reasoning, long context understanding, code generation, and so on.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Xu Huang , Wenhao Zhu , Hanxu Hu , Conghui He , Lei Li , Shujian Huang , Fei Yuan

Large language models (LLMs) can act as evaluators, a role studied by methods like LLM-as-a-Judge and fine-tuned judging LLMs. In the field of education, LLMs have been studied as assistant tools for students and teachers. Our research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Valeria Ramirez-Garcia , David de-Fitero-Dominguez , Antonio Garcia-Cabot , Eva Garcia-Lopez

As large language models (LLMs) transition from general knowledge retrieval to complex scientific discovery, their evaluation standards must also incorporate the rigorous norms of scientific inquiry. Existing benchmarks exhibit a critical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Encheng Su , Jianyu Wu , Chen Tang , Lintao Wang , Pengze Li , Aoran Wang , Jinouwen Zhang , Yizhou Wang , Yuan Meng , Xinzhu Ma , Shixiang Tang , Houqiang Li

Large language models (LLMs) are commonly evaluated on tasks that test their knowledge or reasoning abilities. In this paper, we explore a different type of evaluation: whether an LLM can predict aspects of its own responses. Since LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Elon Ezra , Ariel Weizman , Amos Azaria

We discuss the results of using large language models (LLMs) to conduct original scientific research in an unfamiliar subject area during the Fall 2025 semester. Students in a graduate astronomy and astrophysics course were asked to test…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-30 Ann Zabludoff , Chen-Yu Chuang , Parker Thomas Johnson , Yichen Liu , Brina Bianca Martinez , Neev Shah , Lucille Steffes , Gabriel Glen Weible

Large multimodal models (LMMs) have proven flexible and generalisable across many tasks and fields. Although they have strong potential to aid scientific research, their capabilities in this domain are not well characterised. A key aspect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Jonathan Roberts , Kai Han , Neil Houlsby , Samuel Albanie

The breakthrough of generative large language models (LLMs) that can solve different tasks through chat interaction has led to a significant increase in the use of general benchmarks to assess the quality or performance of these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Fabio Barth , Georg Rehm

Online education platforms have significantly transformed the dissemination of educational resources by providing a dynamic and digital infrastructure. With the further enhancement of this transformation, the advent of Large Language Models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Qian-Wen Zhang , Haochen Wang , Fang Li , Siyu An , Lingfeng Qiao , Liangcai Gao , Di Yin , Xing Sun

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in computer science education for tasks such as tutoring, content generation, and code assessment. However, systematic evaluations aligned with formal curricula and certification…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used in both industry and academia for various tasks, yet evaluating the consistency of generated text responses continues to be a challenge. Traditional metrics like ROUGE and BLEU show a weak…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-26 P Aditya Sreekar , Sahil Verma , Suransh Chopra , Sarik Ghazarian , Abhishek Persad , Narayanan Sadagopan

Although large language models (LLMs) have been assessed for general medical knowledge using licensing exams, their ability to support clinical decision-making, such as selecting medical calculators, remains uncertain. We assessed nine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Nicholas Wan , Qiao Jin , Joey Chan , Guangzhi Xiong , Serina Applebaum , Aidan Gilson , Reid McMurry , R. Andrew Taylor , Aidong Zhang , Qingyu Chen , Zhiyong Lu

Large language models (LLMs) show increasing potential in education, yet benchmarks for non-English languages in specialized domains remain scarce. We introduce MedBench-IT, the first comprehensive benchmark for evaluating LLMs on Italian…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Ruggero Marino Lazzaroni , Alessandro Angioi , Michelangelo Puliga , Davide Sanna , Roberto Marras

Large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress in natural language processing tasks and demonstrate considerable potential in the legal domain. However, legal applications demand high standards of accuracy, reliability, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Haitao Li , You Chen , Qingyao Ai , Yueyue Wu , Ruizhe Zhang , Yiqun Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become an increasingly important tool in research and society at large. While LLMs are regularly used all over the world by experts and lay-people alike, they are predominantly developed with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Cedric Lothritz , Jordi Cabot , Laura Bernardy

Scientific equation discovery is a fundamental task in the history of scientific progress, enabling the derivation of laws governing natural phenomena. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained interest for this task due to their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Parshin Shojaee , Ngoc-Hieu Nguyen , Kazem Meidani , Amir Barati Farimani , Khoa D Doan , Chandan K Reddy