English
Related papers

Related papers: BEACON: Benchmark for Comprehensive RNA Tasks and …

200 papers

Recent breakthroughs of Neural Architecture Search (NAS) extend the field's research scope towards a broader range of vision tasks and more diversified search spaces. While existing NAS methods mostly design architectures on a single task,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Yawen Duan , Xin Chen , Hang Xu , Zewei Chen , Xiaodan Liang , Tong Zhang , Zhenguo Li

Biological neural networks (BNNs) have been established as a powerful and adaptive substrate that offer the potential for incredibly energy and data efficient information processing with distinct learning mechanisms. Yet a core challenge to…

As machine learning models and autonomous agents are increasingly deployed in high-stakes, real-world domains such as healthcare, security, finance, and robotics, the need for transparent and trustworthy explanations has become critical. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Haishi Bai , Jozo Dujmovic , Jianwu Wang

While RNA has recently been recognized as an interesting small-molecule drug target, many challenges remain to be addressed before we take full advantage of it. This emphasizes the necessity to improve our understanding of its structures…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-15 Rafael Josip Penić , Tin Vlašić , Roland G. Huber , Yue Wan , Mile Šikić

While long-horizon agentic tasks require language agents to perform dozens of sequential decisions, training such agents with reinforcement learning remains challenging. We identify two root causes: credit misattribution, where correct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Zixuan Wang , Yuchen Yan , Hongxing Li , Teng Pan , Dingming Li , Ruiqing Zhang , Weiming Lu , Jun Xiao , Yueting Zhuang , Yongliang Shen

Nucleotide sequence variation can induce significant shifts in functional fitness. Recent nucleotide foundation models promise to predict such fitness effects directly from sequence, yet heterogeneous datasets and inconsistent preprocessing…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-06 Zhongmin Li , Runze Ma , Jiahao Tan , Chengzi Tan , Shuangjia Zheng

Multimodal reasoning, which integrates language and visual cues into problem solving and decision making, is a fundamental aspect of human intelligence and a crucial step toward artificial general intelligence. However, the evaluation of…

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable generalizability across diverse tasks, yet genomic foundation models (GFMs) still require separate finetuning for each downstream application, creating significant overhead as model sizes…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-07 Zehui Li , Vallijah Subasri , Yifei Shen , Dongsheng Li , Yiren Zhao , Guy-Bart Stan , Caihua Shan

Tokens serve as the basic units of representation in DNA language models (DNALMs), yet their design remains underexplored. Unlike natural language, DNA lacks inherent token boundaries or predefined compositional rules, making tokenization a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Nan Huang , Xiaoxiao Zhou , Junxia Cui , Mario Tapia-Pacheco , Tiffany Amariuta , Yang Li , Jingbo Shang

The ability of large language models (LLMs) to mimic human-like intelligence has led to a surge in LLM-based autonomous agents. Though recent LLMs seem capable of planning and reasoning given user instructions, their effectiveness in…

The intricate network of interactions observed in RNA three-dimensional structures is often described in terms of a multitude of geometrical properties, including helical parameters, base pairing/stacking, hydrogen bonding and backbone…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2015-09-01 Sandro Bottaro , Francesco Di Palma , Giovanni Bussi

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted as conversational assistants in genomics, where they are mainly used to reason over biological knowledge, annotations, and analysis outputs through natural language interfaces. However,…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-08 Weicai Long , Yusen Hou , Junning Feng , Houcheng Su , Shuo Yang , Donglin Xie , Yanlin Zhang

Deep sequencing has become one of the most popular tools for transcriptome profiling in biomedical studies. While an abundance of computational methods exists for "normalizing" sequencing data to remove unwanted between-sample variations…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2022-01-14 Yannick Düren , Johannes Lederer , Li-Xuan Qin

Transformer has achieved remarkable success in language, image, and speech processing. Recently, various efficient attention architectures have been proposed to improve transformer's efficiency while largely preserving its efficacy,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Jun Zhang , Shuyang Jiang , Jiangtao Feng , Lin Zheng , Lingpeng Kong

Biological sequences encode fundamental instructions for the building blocks of life, in the form of DNA, RNA, and proteins. Modeling these sequences is key to understand disease mechanisms and is an active research area in computational…

Evaluation of reasoning language models gained importance after it was observed that they can combine their existing capabilities into novel traces of intermediate steps before task completion and that the traces can sometimes help them to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Petr Spelda , Vit Stritecky

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve as crucial regulators in numerous biological processes. Although they share sequence similarities with messenger RNAs (mRNAs), lncRNAs perform entirely different roles, providing new avenues for…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-14 Nicholas Jeon , Xiaoning Qian , Lamin SaidyKhan , Paul de Figueiredo , Byung-Jun Yoon

Glycans are basic biomolecules and perform essential functions within living organisms. The rapid increase of functional glycan data provides a good opportunity for machine learning solutions to glycan understanding. However, there still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Minghao Xu , Yunteng Geng , Yihang Zhang , Ling Yang , Jian Tang , Wentao Zhang

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on high-level semantic tasks, they often struggle with fine-grained, token-level understanding and structural reasoning--capabilities that are essential for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Chenzhuo Zhao , Xinda Wang , Yue Huang , Junting Lu , Ziqian Liu

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short sequences of ribonucleic acids that control the expression of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) by binding them. Robust prediction of miRNA-mRNA pairs is of utmost importance in deciphering gene regulations but has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-09-27 Byunghan Lee , Junghwan Baek , Seunghyun Park , Sungroh Yoon