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Textual data question answering has gained significant attention due to its growing applicability. Recently, a novel approach leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) method was introduced, utilizing the Prize-Collecting Steiner…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Manthankumar Solanki

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have significantly improved automated code generation. While existing approaches have achieved strong performance at the function and file levels, real-world software engineering requires…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yicheng Tao , Yuante Li , Yao Qin , Yepang Liu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has increasingly shown its power in extending large language models' (LLMs') capability beyond their pre-trained knowledge. Existing works have shown that RAG can help with software development tasks…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Jingyi Chen , Songqiang Chen , Jialun Cao , Jiasi Shen , Shing-Chi Cheung

The classical cascading pipeline of retrieve--rerank suffers from a bounded recall problem, stemming from limitations of the first-stage retriever. Most current approaches address the bounded recall problem by improving the first-stage…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Mandeep Rathee , V Venktesh , Sean MacAvaney , Avishek Anand

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enables large language models (LLMs) to access broader knowledge sources, yet factual inconsistencies persist due to noise in retrieved documents-even with advanced retrieval methods. We demonstrate that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yongjian Li , HaoCheng Chu , Yukun Yan , Zhenghao Liu , Shi Yu , Zheni Zeng , Ruobing Wang , Sen Song , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances recency and factuality in answers. However, existing evaluations rarely test how well these systems cope with real-world noise, conflicting between internal and external retrieved contexts, or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Yixiao Zeng , Tianyu Cao , Danqing Wang , Xinran Zhao , Zimeng Qiu , Morteza Ziyadi , Tongshuang Wu , Lei Li

While language models (LMs) have proven remarkably adept at generating code, many programs are challenging for LMs to generate using their parametric knowledge alone. Providing external contexts such as library documentation can facilitate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Zora Zhiruo Wang , Akari Asai , Xinyan Velocity Yu , Frank F. Xu , Yiqing Xie , Graham Neubig , Daniel Fried

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences is essential for their applications. Recently, decoding-time alignment has emerged as an effective plug-and-play technique that avoids fine-tuning model parameters. This approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Bolian Li , Yifan Wang , Anamika Lochab , Ananth Grama , Ruqi Zhang

A Comparison of Independent and Joint Fine-tuning Strategies for Retrieval-Augmented Generation Download PDF Neal Gregory Lawton, Alfy Samuel, Anoop Kumar, Daben Liu Published: 20 Aug 2025, Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) is a popular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Neal Gregory Lawton , Alfy Samuel , Anoop Kumar , Daben Liu

Financial analysts face significant challenges extracting information from lengthy 10-K reports, which often exceed 100 pages. This paper presents a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) system designed to answer questions about S&P 500…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Zhiyuan Cheng , Longying Lai , Yue Liu , Kai Cheng , Xiaoxi Qi

Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation (Graph-RAG) enhances multihop question answering by organizing corpora into knowledge graphs and routing evidence through relational structure. However, practical deployments face two persistent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Jiate Liu , Zebin Chen , Shaobo Qiao , Mingchen Ju , Danting Zhang , Bocheng Han , Shuyue Yu , Xin Shu , Jingling Wu , Dong Wen , Xin Cao , Guanfeng Liu , Zhengyi Yang

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a standard paradigm for enhancing the factual accuracy and contextual relevance of Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating retrieval mechanisms. However, existing evaluation frameworks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Mattia Rengo , Senad Beadini , Domenico Alfano , Roberto Abbruzzese

The use of large language models (LLMs) is becoming increasingly widespread among software developers. However, privacy and computational requirements are problematic with commercial solutions and the use of LLMs. In this work, we focus on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Marko Hostnik , Marko Robnik-Šikonja

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) pipelines for code completion rely on chunking to segment source files into retrievable units, yet chunking strategies are typically adopted without empirical justification, and practitioner…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Xinjian Wu , Jingzhi Gong , Gunel Jahangirova , Jie Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) utilizes external knowledge to augment Large Language Models' (LLMs) reliability. For flexibility, agentic RAG employs autonomous, multi-round retrieval and reasoning to resolve queries. Although recent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Chao Zhang , Yuhao Wang , Derong Xu , Haoxin Zhang , Yuanjie Lyu , Yuhao Chen , Shuochen Liu , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yan Gao , Yao Hu , Enhong Chen

Short answer assessment is a vital component of science education, allowing evaluation of students' complex three-dimensional understanding. Large language models (LLMs) that possess human-like ability in linguistic tasks are increasingly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Yucheng Chu , Peng He , Hang Li , Haoyu Han , Kaiqi Yang , Yu Xue , Tingting Li , Joseph Krajcik , Jiliang Tang

Code Search is a key task that many programmers often have to perform while developing solutions to problems. Current methodologies suffer from an inability to perform accurately on prompts that contain some ambiguity or ones that require…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Sarthak Jain , Aditya Dora , Ka Seng Sam , Prabhat Singh

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at code generation but struggle with complex problems. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates this issue by integrating external knowledge, yet retrieval models often miss relevant context, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Shahd Seddik , Fahd Seddik , Iman Saberi , Fatemeh Fard , Minh Hieu Huynh , Patanamon Thongtanunam

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a cornerstone technique for enhancing large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge. However, current RAG systems face two critical limitations: (1) they inefficiently retrieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Wang Chen , Guanqiang Qi , Weikang Li , Yang Li , Deguo Xia , Jizhou Huang

Safety critical software assessment requires robust assessment against complex regulatory frameworks, a process traditionally limited by manual evaluation. This paper presents Document Retrieval-Augmented Fine-Tuning (DRAFT), a novel…