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Structured sparsity enables deploying large language models (LLMs) on resource-constrained systems. Approaches like dense-to-sparse fine-tuning are particularly compelling, achieving remarkable structured sparsity by reducing the model size…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-14 João Paulo Cardoso de Lima , Marc Dietrich , Jeronimo Castrillon , Asif Ali Khan

Owing to the diverse scales and varying distributions of sparse matrices arising from practical problems, a multitude of choices are present in the design and implementation of sparse matrix-vector multiplication (SpMV). Researchers have…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Jianhua Gao , Bingjie Liu , Yizhuo Wang , Weixing Ji , Hua Huang

Sparse matrices and linear algebra are at the heart of scientific simulations. More than 70 sparse matrix storage formats have been developed over the years, targeting a wide range of hardware architectures and matrix types. Each format is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Chris Stylianou , Michele Weiland

Sparse Matrix-Matrix Multiplication (SpMM) has served as fundamental components in various domains. Many previous studies exploit GPUs for SpMM acceleration because GPUs provide high bandwidth and parallelism. We point out that a static…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Guohao Dai , Guyue Huang , Shang Yang , Zhongming Yu , Hengrui Zhang , Yufei Ding , Yuan Xie , Huazhong Yang , Yu Wang

Sparse matrix-dense matrix multiplication (SpMM) is a critical kernel in both scientific computing and emerging graph learning workloads. The recent Armv9 architecture introduces Scalable Matrix Extension (SME), enabling tile-based matrix…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Kelun Lei , Hailong Yang , Kaige Zhang , Kejie Ma , Yiqing Wang , Xin You , Yufan Xu , Enrique S. Quintana-Orti , Zhongzhi Luan , Yi Liu , Depei Qian

Despite numerous efforts for optimizing the performance of Sparse Matrix and Vector Multiplication (SpMV) on modern hardware architectures, few works are done to its sparse counterpart, Sparse Matrix and Sparse Vector Multiplication…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Min Li , Yulong Ao , Chao Yang

Distributed Sparse Matrix-Matrix Multiplication (SpMM) is a fundamental operation in high-performance computing and deep learning applications. The major performance bottleneck in distributed SpMM lies in substantial communication overhead,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Chen Zhuang , Lingqi Zhang , Benjamin Brock , Du Wu , Peng Chen , Toshio Endo , Satoshi Matsuoka , Mohamed Wahib

HipMCL is a high-performance distributed memory implementation of the popular Markov Cluster Algorithm (MCL) and can cluster large-scale networks within hours using a few thousand CPU-equipped nodes. It relies on sparse matrix computations…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Oguz Selvitopi , Md Taufique Hussain , Ariful Azad , Aydın Buluç

A fast algorithm for the approximate multiplication of matrices with decay is introduced; the Sparse Approximate Matrix Multiply (SpAMM) reduces complexity in the product space, a different approach from current methods that economize…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-11-17 Matt Challacombe , Nicolas Bock

Large language model (LLM) pruning with fixed N:M structured sparsity significantly limits the expressivity of the sparse model, yielding sub-optimal performance. In contrast, supporting multiple N:M patterns to provide sparse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Akshat Ramachandran , Souvik Kundu , Arnab Raha , Shamik Kundu , Deepak K. Mathaikutty , Tushar Krishna

Important workloads, such as machine learning and graph analytics applications, heavily involve sparse linear algebra operations. These operations use sparse matrix compression as an effective means to avoid storing zeros and performing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Konstantinos Kanellopoulos , Nandita Vijaykumar , Christina Giannoula , Roknoddin Azizi , Skanda Koppula , Nika Mansouri Ghiasi , Taha Shahroodi , Juan Gomez Luna , Onur Mutlu

The GEneral Matrix Multiplication (GEMM) is one of the essential algorithms in scientific computing. Single-thread GEMM implementations are well-optimised with techniques like blocking and autotuning. However, due to the complexity of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Yufan Xia , Marco De La Pierre , Amanda S. Barnard , Giuseppe Maria Junior Barca

Sparse matrix multiplication (SpMM) is widely applied to numerous domains, such as graph processing, machine learning, and data analytics. However, inner product based SpMM induces redundant zero-element computing for mismatched nonzero…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Wenhao Sun , Wendi Sun , Song Chen , Yi Kang

Convolutional neural network (CNN) inference on mobile devices demands efficient hardware acceleration of low-precision (INT8) general matrix multiplication (GEMM). Exploiting data sparsity is a common approach to further accelerate GEMM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Zhi-Gang Liu , Paul N. Whatmough , Matthew Mattina

Achieving high performance for sparse applications is challenging due to irregular access patterns and weak locality. These properties preclude many static optimizations and degrade cache performance on traditional systems. To address these…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-12-17 Thomas B. Rolinger , Christopher D. Krieger

In this paper, we focus on three sparse matrix operations that are relevant for machine learning applications, namely, the sparse-dense matrix multiplication (SPMM), the sampled dense-dense matrix multiplication (SDDMM), and the composition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Mohammad Zubair , Christoph Bauinger

Sparse matrix ordering is a vital optimization technique often employed for solving large-scale sparse matrices. Its goal is to minimize the matrix bandwidth by reorganizing its rows and columns, thus enhancing efficiency. Conventional…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Tao Tang , Youfu Jiang , Yingbo Cui , Jianbin Fang , Peng Zhang , Lin Peng , Chun Huang

Sparse linear algebra kernels play a critical role in numerous applications, covering from exascale scientific simulation to large-scale data analytics. Offloading linear algebra kernels on one GPU will no longer be viable in these…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Jieyang Chen , Chenhao Xie , Jesun S Firoz , Jiajia Li , Shuaiwen Leon Song , Kevin Barker , Mark Raugas , Ang Li

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are often constrained by the memory-bound nature of sparse matrix-vector operations, which eventually limits performance on modern high-performance computing (HPC) systems. This work introduces…

Diffusion models represent a powerful family of generative models widely used for image and video generation. However, the time-consuming deployment, long inference time, and requirements on large memory hinder their applications on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Kafeng Wang , Jianfei Chen , He Li , Zhenpeng Mi , Jun Zhu