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Controlling the longitudinal phase space of high-brightness relativistic electron beams is crucial for advancing a broad spectrum of charged-particle-based instrumentation and scientific frontiers. A generalized method for achieving this…

Large aperture telescopes are pivotal for exploring the universe, yet even with state-of-the-art manufacturing and launch technology, their size is limited to several meters. As we aim to build larger telescopes - extending tens of meters -…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-08 Israel Gabay , Omer Luria , Edward Balaban , Amir D. Gat , Moran Bercovici

Glass-forming liquids have been extensively studied in recent decades, but there is still no theory that fully describes these systems, and the diversity of treatments is in itself a barrier to understanding. Here we introduce a new simple…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2011-03-28 Davide Cellai , Andrzej Z. Fima , Aonghus Lawlor , Kenneth A. Dawson

The polarization of light is critical in various applications, including quantum communication, where the photon polarization encoding a qubit can undergo uncontrolled changes when transmitted through optical fibers. Bends in the fiber,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-03 Niklas Braband , Arman Mansouri , Riza Fazili , Stefanie Czischek , Jeff S. Lundeen

Lab-on-a-Chip (LoC) devices combining microfluidic analyte provision with integrated optical analysis are highly desirable for several applications in biological oder medical sciences. While the microfluidic approach is already broadly…

Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) has been extensively studied in computer graphics to animate fluids with versatile effects. However, SPH still suffers from two numerical difficulties: the particle deficiency problem, which will…

Graphics · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Xiaowei He , Huamin Wang , Guoping Wang , Hongan Wang , Enhua Wu

A robust route for the biased production of single-handed chiral structures has been found in generating non-spherical, multi-component double emulsions using microfluidics. The specific type of handedness is determined by the final packing…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-04-20 Laura L. A. Adams , Samuel A. Ocko

We present Material Anything, a fully-automated, unified diffusion framework designed to generate physically-based materials for 3D objects. Unlike existing methods that rely on complex pipelines or case-specific optimizations, Material…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Xin Huang , Tengfei Wang , Ziwei Liu , Qing Wang

The advent of extremely large telescopes will bring unprecedented light-collecting power and spatial resolution, but it will also lead to a significant increase in the size and complexity of focal-plane instruments. The use of freeform…

Flexible photonics offers the possibility to realize wearable sensors by bridging the advantages of flexible materials and photonic sensing elements. Recently, optical resonators have emerged as a tool to improve its over sensitivity by…

Optics · Physics 2023-12-22 Ningyuan Nie , Yu-Cheng Chen

In light optics, beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM) can be produced by employing a properly-tuned two-cylinder-lens arrangement, also called $\pi$/2 mode converter. It is not possible to convey this concept directly to the beam in an…

Lensless imaging has emerged as a potential solution towards realizing ultra-miniature cameras by eschewing the bulky lens in a traditional camera. Without a focusing lens, the lensless cameras rely on computational algorithms to recover…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-30 Salman S. Khan , Varun Sundar , Vivek Boominathan , Ashok Veeraraghavan , Kaushik Mitra

Miniaturized photodetectors are becoming increasingly sought-after components for a range of next generation technologies, such as autonomous vehicles, integrated wearable devices, or gadgets embedded in the Internet of Things. A major…

We introduce a method to analyze and modify a shape to make it manufacturable for a given additive manufacturing (AM) process. Different AM technologies, process parameters or materials introduce geometric constraints on what is…

Graphics · Computer Science 2019-09-26 Erva Ulu , Nurcan Gecer Ulu , Walter Hsiao , Saigopal Nelaturi

Additive manufacturing techniques are revolutionizing product development by enabling fast turnaround from design to fabrication. However, the throughput of the rapid prototyping pipeline remains constrained by print optimization, requiring…

Conventional subtractive manufacturing inevitably involves material loss during geometric realization, while additive manufacturing still suffers from limitations in surface quality, process continuity, and productivity when fabricating…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Lei Li , Jiale Gong , Ziyang Li , Hong Wang

Most camera lens systems are designed in isolation, separately from downstream computer vision methods. Recently, joint optimization approaches that design lenses alongside other components of the image acquisition and processing pipeline…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Geoffroi Côté , Fahim Mannan , Simon Thibault , Jean-François Lalonde , Felix Heide

In optical devices like diffraction gratings and Fresnel lenses, light wavefront is engineered through the structuring of device surface morphology, within thicknesses comparable to the light wavelength. Fabrication of such diffractive…

Optics · Physics 2021-07-28 S. L. Oscurato , F. Reda , M. Salvatore , F. Borbone , P. Maddalena , A. Ambrosio

Optical beams and starlight distorted by atmospheric turbulence can be corrected with adaptive optics systems to enable efficient coupling into single-mode fibers. Deformable mirrors, used to flatten the wavefront in astronomical…

Field-induced self-organized patterning in ultrathin (< 100 nm) polymer films produces resolutions of the order of 10 {\mu}m or more because of the high energy penalty for the surface deformations on small scales. We propose here a very…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2010-09-28 Ankur Verma , Ashutosh Sharma