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Although Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong capabilities across various tasks, they exhibit significant performance discrepancies across languages. While prompting LLMs in English typically yields the highest general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Andrew Ivan Soegeng , Patrick Sutanto , Tan Sang Nguyen

As vision-language models (VLMs) are deployed globally, their ability to understand culturally situated knowledge becomes essential. Yet, existing evaluations largely assess static recall or isolated visual grounding, leaving unanswered…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Bryan Chen Zhengyu Tan , Zheng Weihua , Zhengyuan Liu , Nancy F. Chen , Hwaran Lee , Kenny Tsu Wei Choo , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

We present our shared task on evaluating the adaptability of LLMs and NLP systems across multiple languages and cultures. The task data consist of an extended version of our manually constructed BLEnD benchmark (Myung et al. 2024), covering…

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate excellent capabilities and performance for general reasoning tasks within the general public domain, they may face challenges with culturally grounded knowledge within languages with limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Hadi Bayrami Asl Tekanlou , Mahdi Bakhtiyarzadeh , Jafar Razmara

Existing Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) generally focus on only a few regions and languages. As LMMs continue to improve, it is increasingly important to ensure they understand cultural contexts, respect local sensitivities, and support…

Large language models (LLMs) are now deployed worldwide, inspiring a surge of benchmarks that measure their multilingual and multicultural abilities. However, these benchmarks prioritize generic language understanding or superficial…

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly proficient in processing and generating multilingual texts, which allows them to address real-world problems more effectively. However, language understanding is a far more complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Sławomir Dadas , Małgorzata Grębowiec , Michał Perełkiewicz , Rafał Poświata

Existing benchmarks that measure cultural adaptation in LLMs are misaligned with the actual challenges these models face when interacting with users from diverse cultural backgrounds. In this work, we introduce the first framework and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shreya Havaldar , Sunny Rai , Young-Min Cho , Lyle Ungar

Recent progress in NLP research has demonstrated remarkable capabilities of large language models (LLMs) across a wide range of tasks. While recent multilingual benchmarks have advanced cultural evaluation for LLMs, critical gaps remain in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Nafis Chowdhury , Moinul Haque , Anika Ahmed , Nazia Tasnim , Md. Istiak Hossain Shihab , Sajjadur Rahman , Farig Sadeque

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated substantial commonsense understanding through numerous benchmark evaluations. However, their understanding of cultural commonsense remains largely unexamined. In this paper, we conduct a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Siqi Shen , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Moontae Lee , Honglak Lee , Soujanya Poria , Rada Mihalcea

Large Language Models (LLMs) play a critical role in how humans access information. While their core use relies on comprehending written requests, our understanding of this ability is currently limited, because most benchmarks evaluate LLMs…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in culturally diverse environments, yet existing evaluations of cultural competence remain limited. Existing methods focus on de-contextualized correctness or forced-choice judgments,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Truong Vo , Sanmi Koyejo

In this work, we introduce BLUCK, a new dataset designed to measure the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in Bengali linguistic understanding and cultural knowledge. Our dataset comprises 2366 multiple-choice questions (MCQs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Daeen Kabir , Minhajur Rahman Chowdhury Mahim , Sheikh Shafayat , Adnan Sadik , Arian Ahmed , Eunsu Kim , Alice Oh

Large language models (LLMs) are now used worldwide, yet their multimodal understanding and reasoning often degrade outside Western, high-resource settings. We propose MMA-ASIA, a comprehensive framework to evaluate LLMs' cultural awareness…

Large language models (LLMs) are reported to be partial to certain cultures owing to the training data dominance from the English corpora. Since multilingual cultural data are often expensive to collect, existing efforts handle this by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Cheng Li , Mengzhou Chen , Jindong Wang , Sunayana Sitaram , Xing Xie

Large Language Models (LLMs) inherently reflect the vast data distributions they encounter during their pre-training phase. As this data is predominantly sourced from the web, there is a high chance it will be skewed towards high-resourced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Fakhraddin Alwajih , Abdellah El Mekki , Hamdy Mubarak , Majd Hawasly , Abubakr Mohamed , Muhammad Abdul-Mageed

Cultural competence, defined as the ability to understand and adapt to multicultural contexts, is increasingly vital for large language models (LLMs) in global environments. While several cultural benchmarks exist to assess LLMs' cultural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Xinyu Zhang , Pei Zhang , Shuang Luo , Jialong Tang , Yu Wan , Baosong Yang , Fei Huang

To be effectively and safely deployed to global user populations, large language models (LLMs) may need to adapt outputs to user values and cultures, not just know about them. We introduce NormAd, an evaluation framework to assess LLMs'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Abhinav Rao , Akhila Yerukola , Vishwa Shah , Katharina Reinecke , Maarten Sap

Although large language models (LLMs) are increasingly implicated in interpersonal and societal decision-making, their ability to navigate explicit conflicts between legitimately different cultural value systems remains largely unexamined.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Hasibur Rahman , Hanan Salam
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