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Large Language Models (LLMs) have reshaped our world with significant advancements in science, engineering, and society through applications ranging from scientific discoveries and medical diagnostics to Chatbots. Despite their ubiquity and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Kushal Raj Bhandari , Pin-Yu Chen , Jianxi Gao

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly utilized by researchers across a wide range of domains, and qualitative social science is no exception; however, this adoption faces persistent challenges, including interpretive bias, low…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Ali Sanaei , Ali Rajabzadeh

Large language models (LLMs) are emerging as promising tools for mental health care, offering scalable support through their ability to generate human-like responses. However, the effectiveness of these models in clinical settings remains…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Yining Hua , Hongbin Na , Zehan Li , Fenglin Liu , Xiao Fang , David Clifton , John Torous

With the release of ChatGPT and other large language models (LLMs) the discussion about the intelligence, possibilities, and risks, of current and future models have seen large attention. This discussion included much debated scenarios…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Nils Körber , Silvan Wehrli , Christopher Irrgang

The use of large language models (LLMs) for qualitative analysis is gaining attention in various fields, including software engineering, where qualitative methods are essential for understanding human and social factors. This study aimed to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Matheus de Morais Leça , Lucas Valença , Reydne Santos , Ronnie de Souza Santos

The cognitive mechanism by which Large Language Models (LLMs) solve mathematical problems remains a widely debated and unresolved issue. Currently, there is little interpretable experimental evidence that connects LLMs' problem-solving with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Wei Xie , Shuoyoucheng Ma , Zhenhua Wang , Enze Wang , Kai Chen , Xiaobing Sun , Baosheng Wang

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have been extensively utilized for behavioral modeling, for example, to automatically generate sequence diagrams. However, no overview of this work has been published yet. Such an overview will…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Muhammad Laiq

Significant advancements have been made in one of the most critical branches of artificial intelligence: natural language processing (NLP). These advancements are exemplified by the remarkable success of OpenAI's GPT-3.5/4 and the recent…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-04-22 Zongrui Pei , Junqi Yin , Jiaxin Zhang

Although large language models (LLMs) are impressive in solving various tasks, they can quickly be outdated after deployment. Maintaining their up-to-date status is a pressing concern in the current era. This paper provides a comprehensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Zihan Zhang , Meng Fang , Ling Chen , Mohammad-Reza Namazi-Rad , Jun Wang

As multiple crises threaten the sustainability of our societies and pose at risk the planetary boundaries, complex challenges require timely, updated, and usable information. Natural-language processing (NLP) tools enhance and expand data…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Francesca Larosa , Sergio Hoyas , H. Alberto Conejero , Javier Garcia-Martinez , Francesco Fuso Nerini , Ricardo Vinuesa

Large language models (LLMs) often struggle with complex mathematical tasks, prone to "hallucinating" incorrect answers due to their reliance on statistical patterns. This limitation is further amplified in average Small LangSLMs with…

This report aims to evaluate the performance of large language models (LLMs) in solving high school science questions and to explore their potential applications in the educational field. With the rapid development of LLMs in the field of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Zhu Jiawei , Chen Wei

There have been rapid advancements in the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in recent years, greatly revolutionizing the field of natural language processing (NLP) and artificial intelligence (AI) to understand and interact with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Zeyneb N. Kaya , Souvick Ghosh

This paper investigates the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in formulating and solving decision-making problems using mathematical programming. We first conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of recent literature to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Mohammad J. Abdel-Rahman , Yasmeen Alslman , Dania Refai , Amro Saleh , Malik A. Abu Loha , Mohammad Yahya Hamed

While large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT have shown impressive capabilities in Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, a systematic investigation of their potential in this field remains largely unexplored. This study aims to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Libo Qin , Qiguang Chen , Xiachong Feng , Yang Wu , Yongheng Zhang , Yinghui Li , Min Li , Wanxiang Che , Philip S. Yu

The progress of Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT raises the question of how they can be integrated into education. One hope is that they can support mathematics learning, including word-problem solving. Since LLMs can handle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Anselm R. Strohmaier , Wim Van Dooren , Kathrin Seßler , Brian Greer , Lieven Verschaffel

Humankind's understanding of the world is fundamentally linked to our perception and cognition, with \emph{human languages} serving as one of the major carriers of \emph{world knowledge}. In this vein, \emph{Large Language Models} (LLMs)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Huajun Chen

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) are fundamentally reshaping computing, with large language models (LLMs) now effectively being able to generate and interpret source code and natural language instructions. These emergent…

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has led many researchers to consider their usage for scientific work. Some have found benefits using LLMs to augment or automate aspects of their research pipeline, while others have urged caution…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Zhehui Liao , Maria Antoniak , Inyoung Cheong , Evie Yu-Yen Cheng , Ai-Heng Lee , Kyle Lo , Joseph Chee Chang , Amy X. Zhang

The scientific literature's exponential growth makes it increasingly challenging to navigate and synthesize knowledge across disciplines. Large language models (LLMs) are powerful tools for understanding scientific text, but they fail to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Abhipsha Das , Nicholas Lourie , Siavash Golkar , Mariel Pettee