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Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) performs zero-shot image classification by mapping images and textual class representation into a shared embedding space, then retrieving the class closest to the image. This work provides a new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Fawaz Sammani , Nikos Deligiannis

In this study, we define and tackle zero shot "real" classification by description, a novel task that evaluates the ability of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) like CLIP to classify objects based solely on descriptive attributes, excluding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Ethan Baron , Idan Tankel , Peter Tu , Guy Ben-Yosef

Several benchmarks have concluded that our best vision-language models (e.g., CLIP) are lacking in compositionality. Given an image, these benchmarks probe a model's ability to identify its associated caption amongst a set of compositional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Amita Kamath , Cheng-Yu Hsieh , Kai-Wei Chang , Ranjay Krishna

Vision-Language Models (VLMs), exemplified by CLIP, have emerged as foundational for multimodal intelligence. However, their capacity for logical understanding remains significantly underexplored, resulting in critical ''logical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Yuchen Zhou , Jiayu Tang , Shuo Yang , Xiaoyan Xiao , Yuqin Dai , Wenhao Yang , Chao Gou , Xiaobo Xia , Tat-Seng Chua

CLIP is a widely used foundational vision-language model that is used for zero-shot image recognition and other image-text alignment tasks. We demonstrate that CLIP is vulnerable to change in image quality under compression. This surprising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Cangxiong Chen , Vinay P. Namboodiri , Julian Padget

Large vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, learn rich joint image-text representations, facilitating advances in numerous downstream tasks, including zero-shot classification and text-to-image generation. Nevertheless, existing VLMs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Roni Paiss , Ariel Ephrat , Omer Tov , Shiran Zada , Inbar Mosseri , Michal Irani , Tali Dekel

CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training) uses contrastive learning from noise image-text pairs to excel at recognizing a wide array of candidates, yet its focus on broad associations hinders the precision in distinguishing subtle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Ziyu Liu , Zeyi Sun , Yuhang Zang , Wei Li , Pan Zhang , Xiaoyi Dong , Yuanjun Xiong , Dahua Lin , Jiaqi Wang

Fine-grained image classification, particularly in zero/few-shot scenarios, presents a significant challenge for vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP. These models often struggle with the nuanced task of distinguishing between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Canshi Wei

The advancement of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has enabled significant progress in multimodal understanding, expanding their capacity to analyze video content. However, existing evaluation benchmarks for MLLMs primarily focus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Yolo Y. Tang , Junjia Guo , Hang Hua , Susan Liang , Mingqian Feng , Xinyang Li , Rui Mao , Chao Huang , Jing Bi , Zeliang Zhang , Pooyan Fazli , Chenliang Xu

Large vision-language models (VLMs) are shown to learn rich joint image-text representations enabling high performances in relevant downstream tasks. However, they fail to showcase their quantitative understanding of objects, and they lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Harshvardhan Mestha , Tejas Agrawal , Karan Bania , Shreyas V , Yash Bhisikar

Compositional Zero-Shot Learning (CZSL) is a critical task in computer vision that enables models to recognize unseen combinations of known attributes and objects during inference, addressing the combinatorial challenge of requiring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Ans Munir , Faisal Z. Qureshi , Mohsen Ali , Muhammad Haris Khan

Dual-encoder Vision-Language Models (VLMs) such as CLIP are often characterized as bag-of-words systems due to their poor performance on compositional benchmarks. We argue that this limitation may stem less from deficient representations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Imanol Miranda , Ander Salaberria , Eneko Agirre , Gorka Azkune

Current Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) excel at many zero-shot tasks like image captioning, visual question answering and OCR. However, these same models suffer from poor performance at image classification tasks, underperforming…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Adhemar de Senneville , Xavier Bou , Jérémy Anger , Rafael Grompone , Gabriele Facciolo

The CLIP and Segment Anything Model (SAM) are remarkable vision foundation models (VFMs). SAM excels in segmentation tasks across diverse domains, whereas CLIP is renowned for its zero-shot recognition capabilities. This paper presents an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Haobo Yuan , Xiangtai Li , Chong Zhou , Yining Li , Kai Chen , Chen Change Loy

Recent developments in vision language models (VLM) have shown great potential for diverse applications related to image understanding. In this study, we have explored state-of-the-art VLM models for vision-based transportation engineering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Sanjita Prajapati , Tanu Singh , Chinmay Hegde , Pranamesh Chakraborty

Dual encoder Vision-Language Models (VLM) such as CLIP are widely used for image-text retrieval tasks. However, those models struggle with compositionality, showing a bag-of-words-like behavior that limits their retrieval performance. Many…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Imanol Miranda , Ander Salaberria , Eneko Agirre , Gorka Azkune

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive multimodal capabilities in learning joint representations of visual and textual data, making them powerful tools for tasks such as Compositional Zero-Shot Learning (CZSL). CZSL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Kyle Stein , Arash Mahyari , Guillermo Francia , Eman El-Sheikh

This paper tackles compositional personalization of vision-language models (VLMs). In this problem, multiple user-defined concepts must be recognized or described jointly at test time. We introduce Gate-and-Merge, a zero-shot framework that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Guodong Ding , Angela Yao

Contrastive vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP achieve strong zero-shot recognition yet remain vulnerable to spurious correlations, particularly background over-reliance. We introduce Cluster-based Concept Importance (CCI), a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Aishwarya Agarwal , Srikrishna Karanam , Vineet Gandhi

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated impressive zero-shot capabilities in various vision-language dialogue scenarios. However, the absence of fine-grained visual object detection hinders the model from understanding the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Junyu Lu , Dixiang Zhang , Songxin Zhang , Zejian Xie , Zhuoyang Song , Cong Lin , Jiaxing Zhang , Bingyi Jing , Pingjian Zhang