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Diffusion models, despite their impressive demos, often produce hallucinatory samples with structural inconsistencies that lie outside of the support of the true data distribution. Such hallucinations can be attributed to excessive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Kostas Triaridis , Alexandros Graikos , Aggelina Chatziagapi , Grigorios G. Chrysos , Dimitris Samaras

Recent developments in diffusion models have advanced conditioned image generation, yet they struggle with reconstructing out-of-distribution (OOD) images, such as unseen tumors in medical images, causing "image hallucination" and risking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Seunghoi Kim , Chen Jin , Tom Diethe , Matteo Figini , Henry F. J. Tregidgo , Asher Mullokandov , Philip Teare , Daniel C. Alexander

Score-based diffusion models have achieved incredible performance in generating realistic images, audio, and video data. While these models produce high-quality samples with impressive details, they often introduce unrealistic artifacts,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Rui Lu , Runzhe Wang , Kaifeng Lyu , Xitai Jiang , Gao Huang , Mengdi Wang

Diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) have demonstrated remarkable progress in generative tasks, such as image and video synthesis. However, they still often produce hallucinated samples (hallucinations) that conflict with real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Shuai Fu , Jian Zhou , Qi Chen , Huang Jing , Huy Anh Nguyen , Xiaohan Liu , Zhixiong Zeng , Lin Ma , Quanshi Zhang , Qi Wu

While Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs) have emerged as a promising non-autoregressive paradigm comparable to autoregressive (AR) models, their faithfulness, specifically regarding hallucination, remains largely underexplored. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Zhengnan Guo , Fei Tan

Diffusion models, though successful, are known to suffer from hallucinations that create incoherent or unrealistic samples. Recent works have attributed this to the phenomenon of mode interpolation and score smoothening, but they lack a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Barath Chandran. C , Srinivas Anumasa , Dianbo Liu

Hallucinations are spurious structures not present in the ground truth, posing a critical challenge in medical image reconstruction, especially for data-driven conditional models. We hypothesize that combining an unconditional diffusion…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-25 Seunghoi Kim , Henry F. J. Tregidgo , Matteo Figini , Chen Jin , Sarang Joshi , Daniel C. Alexander

Knowledge-grounded conversational models are known to suffer from producing factually invalid statements, a phenomenon commonly called hallucination. In this work, we investigate the underlying causes of this phenomenon: is hallucination…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Nouha Dziri , Sivan Milton , Mo Yu , Osmar Zaiane , Siva Reddy

Visual illusions in humans arise when interpreting out-of-distribution stimuli: if the observer is adapted to certain statistics, perception of outliers deviates from reality. Recent studies have shown that artificial neural networks (ANNs)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Alex Gomez-Villa , Kai Wang , Alejandro C. Parraga , Bartlomiej Twardowski , Jesus Malo , Javier Vazquez-Corral , Joost van de Weijer

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable image generation quality surpassing previous generative models. However, a notable limitation of diffusion models, in comparison to GANs, is their difficulty in smoothly interpolating between two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Kaiwen Zhang , Yifan Zhou , Xudong Xu , Xingang Pan , Bo Dai

Diffusion models are prone to generating structural hallucinations - samples that match the statistical properties of the training data yet defy underlying structural rules, resulting in anomalies like hands with more than five fingers.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Bartlomiej Sobieski , Matthew Tivnan , Dawid Płudowski , Michał Jan Włodarczyk , Pengfei Jin , Przemyslaw Biecek , Quanzheng Li

One little-explored frontier of image generation and editing is the task of interpolating between two input images, a feature missing from all currently deployed image generation pipelines. We argue that such a feature can expand the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Clinton J. Wang , Polina Golland

Text-to-image generation has shown remarkable progress with the emergence of diffusion models. However, these models often generate factually inconsistent images, failing to accurately reflect the factual information and common sense…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Youngsun Lim , Hyunjung Shim

Magnetic Resonance Imaging generally requires long exposure times, while being sensitive to patient motion, resulting in artifacts in the acquired images, which may hinder their diagnostic relevance. Despite research efforts to decrease the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-04 Paolo Angella , Vito Paolo Pastore , Matteo Santacesaria

Diffusion models have achieved excellent success in solving inverse problems due to their ability to learn strong image priors, but existing approaches require a large training dataset of images that should come from the same distribution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Jason Hu , Bowen Song , Jeffrey A. Fessler , Liyue Shen

There is an increasing interest in using image-generating diffusion models for deep data augmentation and image morphing. In this context, it is useful to interpolate between latents produced by inverting a set of input images, in order to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Erik Landolsi , Fredrik Kahl

Neural sequence generation models are known to "hallucinate", by producing outputs that are unrelated to the source text. These hallucinations are potentially harmful, yet it remains unclear in what conditions they arise and how to mitigate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Weijia Xu , Sweta Agrawal , Eleftheria Briakou , Marianna J. Martindale , Marine Carpuat

We study the problem of generating intermediate images from image pairs with large motion while maintaining semantic consistency. Due to the large motion, the intermediate semantic information may be absent in input images. Existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Liao Shen , Tianqi Liu , Huiqiang Sun , Xinyi Ye , Baopu Li , Jianming Zhang , Zhiguo Cao

Generative image reconstruction algorithms such as measurement conditioned diffusion models are increasingly popular in the field of medical imaging. These powerful models can transform low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) inputs into outputs…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-07-18 Matthew Tivnan , Siyeop Yoon , Zhennong Chen , Xiang Li , Dufan Wu , Quanzheng Li

We explore the problem of computationally generating special `prime' images that produce optical illusions when physically arranged and viewed in a certain way. First, we propose a formal definition for this problem. Next, we introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Ryan Burgert , Xiang Li , Abe Leite , Kanchana Ranasinghe , Michael S. Ryoo
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